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Concise EMT Crash Course > (PT II. Chapter 3) Workforce Safety And Wellness/Lifting And Moving/Patient Restraint > Flashcards

(PT II. Chapter 3) Workforce Safety And Wellness/Lifting And Moving/Patient Restraint Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the primary cause of infectious diseases?

A

Pathogens.

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2
Q

How do bacterial infections like strep throat respond to treatment?

A

They usually respond to prescription antibiotics.

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3
Q

Are viral infections such as the flu responsive to antibiotics?

A

No, viral infections are resistant to antibiotics.

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4
Q

What are the two main routes of disease transmission?

A
  • Direct contact (person-to-person)
  • Indirect contact (through surfaces)
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5
Q

Define an epidemic.

A

A widespread occurrence of a disease in a community at a particular time.

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6
Q

What does the term ‘bariatrics’ refer to?

A

The branch of medicine that deals with the study and treatment of obesity.

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7
Q

What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?

A

Equipment and supplies necessary to implement appropriate precautions for a specific situation.

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8
Q

What is resiliency in the context of EMT wellness?

A

The ability to cope with stress without suffering lasting physical or psychological harm.

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9
Q

What are standard precautions?

A

Minimum infection prevention practices that apply to all patient care situations.

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10
Q

What is supine hypotensive syndrome?

A

Hypotension in a pregnant woman who is lying supine.

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11
Q

What is the EMT’s first priority at a scene?

A

Personal safety.

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12
Q

After ensuring personal safety, what are the EMT’s next priorities?

A
  • The safety of partner(s)
  • Patient(s)
  • Bystanders
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13
Q

What are some measures to maintain scene safety?

A
  • Addressing scene-specific hazards
  • Using appropriate infection control techniques
  • Safe lifting and moving
  • Safe transport
  • Appropriate transfer of care procedures
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14
Q

Why is maintaining physical well-being important for EMTs?

A

To ensure they can perform their duties effectively.

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15
Q

What are some modifiable risk factors for heart disease and stroke that EMTs should address?

A
  • Avoiding smoking/vaping
  • Managing hypertension and stress
  • Exercising
  • Eating a healthy diet
  • Managing high cholesterol and diabetes
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16
Q

Why is mental well-being crucial for EMTs?

A

Because they routinely experience stressful situations and potentially traumatic events.

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17
Q

What are the stages of grief that EMTs may routinely be exposed to when a patient is about to die?

A
  • Denial
  • Anger
  • Bargaining
  • Depression
  • Acceptance
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18
Q

What is acute stress?

A

An immediate reaction. (Fight or flight)

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19
Q

What is delayed stress, and can you give an example?

A

A stress reaction that develops after a stressful event; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an example.

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20
Q

What is cumulative stress, and what can it lead to in EMTs?

A

The result of exposure to stressful situations over a prolonged period, which can lead to burnout.

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21
Q

How can EMTs develop resiliency?

A
  • Recognizing signs of stress or burnout
  • Finding time for relaxing activities and interests
  • Listening to observations of family and friends
  • Balancing personal and professional life
  • Considering changes in the work environment or counseling
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22
Q

What is Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)?

A

A formalized process to help emergency workers deal with stress.

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23
Q

Are the information shared during CISM sessions confidential?

A

Yes, the information shared during a CISM session is confidential.

24
Q

What is a pandemic?

A

An outbreak of disease across several countries or continents.

25
Q

What is the role of OSHA in infectious disease precautions?

A

OSHA oversees workplace safety regulations, including infectious disease precautions.

26
Q

What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?

A

Handwashing with soap and water.

27
Q

What is considered minimum PPE during patient contact?

A

Gloves and eye protection.

28
Q

When should expanded PPE, such as gowns and N95 respirators, be used?

A

During significant body fluid exposure or suspected airborne disease.

29
Q

How should contaminated medical waste be disposed of?

A

In special ‘biohazard’ bags according to local and federal guidelines.

30
Q

Why are disposable supplies preferred for single-patient use?

A

They reduce the risk of exposure to infectious materials.

31
Q

How should sharps like needles be disposed of?

A

In designated puncture-proof containers without recapping.

32
Q

List at least three immunizations recommended for EMTs.

A
  • TB testing
  • Hepatitis B vaccine
  • Tetanus shot
33
Q

What should be done during hazardous material incidents?

A
  • Maintain distance
  • Call hazmat responders
  • Use the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
34
Q

What is a power lift technique?

A

Keeping the object close to the body and using the legs, not the back, to lift.

35
Q

What are emergency moves, and when are they used?

A

Techniques used when the scene is dangerous and the patient must be moved immediately.

36
Q

What is an urgent move, and what is an example?

A

Used for life-threatening injuries; an example is rapid extrication from a vehicle.

37
Q

What is the log roll technique?

A

A method to place a patient on a backboard or assess the posterior, requiring at least three personnel.

38
Q

What is the capacity of most wheeled stretchers?

A

At least 350 pounds.

39
Q

What should EMTs do before entering a crime scene?

A

Ensure it is cleared as safe by law enforcement.

40
Q

What safety equipment must EMTs wear at accident scenes?

A

High-visibility reflective vests.

41
Q

List examples of additional hazards requiring specialized responders.

A
  • Downed power lines
  • Fire situations
  • Terrorism incidents
42
Q

What precautions should EMTs take when moving patients?

A
  • Preplan the lift
  • Reduce height
  • Get enough help
43
Q

Why is scene safety critical for EMTs?

A

To protect themselves, patients, and bystanders while addressing hazards effectively.

44
Q

What is a stair chair used for?

A

Excellent for staircases and small elevators but does not allow for cervical spine protection.

45
Q

What is a backboard, and what are its uses?

A

A lightweight device used for spinal motion restriction or patient transport.

46
Q

What is a basket stretcher (Stokes basket)?

A

A stretcher used to carry patients across uneven terrain or in remote locations.

47
Q

What is a scoop stretcher, and what is its advantage?

A

A stretcher that separates into two pieces to minimize patient movement.

48
Q

What is a neonatal isolette used for?

A

It is used to keep neonates (new born) warm during transport.

49
Q

What precautions must be taken for air medical transport packaging?

A
  • Decontaminate the patient if exposed to hazardous materials
  • Notify the crew of special circumstances
  • Secure loose items
  • Never approach the aircraft from the rear
50
Q

What are special considerations for bariatric (obese) patients?

A
  • Know equipment weight limits
  • Request additional help
  • Use bariatric ambulances with specialized lifting systems
51
Q

How should skeletal abnormalities (defected bone development in limbs) be managed during transport?

A

Use special padding for spinal curvature and follow protocols for spinal motion restriction.

52
Q

How should pregnant patients be positioned during transport?

A

Avoid supine positioning to prevent supine hypotensive syndrome. Place patient on left side. Or 20% incline.

53
Q

When should patients be restrained?

A

Only when they pose an immediate threat to themselves or others.

54
Q

What is the use-of-force doctrine for medical restraint?

A

The force used must be protective, not punitive.

55
Q

What are the key steps when restraining a patient?

A
  • Get help
  • Use minimal force
  • Position to prevent suffocation
  • Use soft padded restraints
  • Monitor the patient continuously
56
Q

What are the restrictions for restraining a patient?

A

Never restrain in a prone position or leave the patient unsupervised.

Concise EMT Crash Course (3 decks)

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