pt care & Image production Flashcards
When does an exam require a written consent?
When it becomes invasive
right to refuse medical treatment including radiographic procedure
Autonomy
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
if two co-workers were talking about a pt in the hall who do you report it to?
ARRT Code of Ethics
perceived by the affected person only
subjective
perceptible to the senses
objective
priority scheduling
emergency pt, fasting pt, pediatric and geriatric patients that are NPO, Diabetics having to delay medication, Routine
Who is authorized to order a radiographic exam?
MD, PA & NP who work under a MD
the threat of touching in an injurious manner
assault
an unlawful touching of a person without consent
battery
a radiograph taken against a pts will or taking an Xray of the wrong patient is considered?
battery
when a pts body has been improperly touched or unnecessarily exposed is considered
invasion of privacy
the neglect or omission of reasonable care and caution
Negligence
defamation by written or printed words
Libel
inaccuracies or misstatements entered into the pts. record
libel
defamation by spoken words
slander
intentional or unintentional act resulting in injury to the pt.
tort
when a pt. is injured due to error caused by the health care provider
malpractice
the doing of goodness, kindness, charity including all actions that benefit others
beneficence
Let the master answer
respondeat superior
the thing speaks for itself
res ispa loquitur
an employer can be held liable for the actions of an employee
Respondeat Superior
Requires the defendant to prove his/her innocence
Res Ispa Loquitur
Something I failed to do
Negligence
Something I did wrong
malpractice
presentation of material, attitudes, voice tones and volume, effective listening
Verbal/ Written communication
Eye contact, touching, facial expressions, physical appearance, body language
Non Verbal communitcation
DABDA by Dr. Elisabeth Kubler- Ross
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance
2 modalities that do not use Radiation
MRI, Ultra sound
Wheelchairs should be ____ to the X-ray table
parallel
log rolling requires how many people ?
5 , 2 at each side of the pt and one at the head
used for the diagnosis of right and left ventricular failure and pulmonary disorders, and to monitor the effects of specific medications
Pulmonary Artery Swan-Ganz Catheter
Catheter that is placed into the pulmonary artery
Pulmonary Artery Swan-Ganz Catheter
Used to remove fluid or free air from the pleural cavity
Closed Chest Drainage
Maintain solution bag/bottle _____ above the level of the vein for IVS
18+
heart rate range for adults
60-100 beats/min
heart range for children
90-100 beats/min
heart range for infants
80-120 beats/ min
fast heart rate, greater than 100 beats per minute
tachycardia
slow heart rate, less that 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
the pressure created during contraction of the left ventricle
systolic
the pressure within the vascular system with the heart at rest
diastolic
how do you remove clothing from an injured patient
from uninjured site first
how do you put clothing back on an injured patient
injured site first
fx that breaks through the skin
compound
while taking blood pressure what are you cutting off?
brachial artery
CAB
compressions, airway, breathing
how many compression do you give per minute for CPR
100/min for all ages
med term for fainting
syncope
how should you move a fx extremity?
both ends of the fx site should be supported
high blood sugar
hyperglycemia
characterized by dry skin, fruity smelling breath, excessive thirst and urination
hyperglycemia
low blood sure
hypoglycemia
characterized by sweating, clammy, cold skin, nervousness and blurred vision
hypoglycemia
how do you stop pulsating blood from the artery
pressure between the site and the heart
how do you stop pulsating blood from the vein
pressure away from the heart
faint or lightheaded
orthostatic hypotension
when a pt. is feeling faint and experiencing orthostatic hypotension what position should you put them in?
trendelenburg
RACE
Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish
PASS
Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
What to do incase of fire
Evacuate the immediate area, report the fire and location, close all doorsm shut off the main oxygen valves
deals with reducing the probability of infections organisms being transmitted to a susceptible individual
Medical Asepsis
Microorganisms eliminated through the use of soap, water, friction, and various chemical disinfectants
Medical Asepsis
the complete removal of all organisms and their spores from equipment used to perform patient care or procedures
surgical Asepsis
any procedure that involves cauterization or the urinary bladder, tracheostomy care, dressing changes, penetration of the skin or mucosal membranes requires?
Sterile Technique
an inanimate object that has made contact with an infectious organism ( food, water, gloves, equipment)
Fomite
transmission of an infectious agent that is indirect by means of fomite that touches a persons body or is ingested
Vehicle
typically an arthropod (mosquito, flea, tick)
Vector
hospital acquired infection
Nosocomial Infection
how do you pass people in a sterile room?
back to back
where must gloves be kept in a sterile field?
above the waist
how should a sterile package be opened?
away from the operator
steam sterilization
autoclaving
used on electric, plastic, and rubber items
gas sterilization
what type of precautions are: gloves, gown, restricted pt. placement. Used for diseases spread by close or direct contact
Contact precautions
what type of precautions are: particulate mask and restricted pt. placement
droplet
what type of precaution is respiratory protection, and negative ventilation
airborne
precaution used on pts who’s immune system is limited such as HIV positive pt, chemo pt, burn pt
Reverse Isolation
Who manages the radiographic equipment the clean tech or dirty tech?
clean
who manages the patient and the patients linens then clean tech or dirty tech?
dirty
Injection method in which a large or concentrated volume is rapidly administered into an IV line
IV push
contrast administered by gravity
IV drip
holds a single dose
Ampule
holds multiple doses
Vial
at what angle do you insert a needle?
15
related to the concentration of a solution
osmolarity
KV used for an exam that utilizes barium in a single contrast study
100-125KV
KV used for an exam that utilizes barium in a double contrast study
90-100KV
3 lab results that are good indicators of possible contrast medium induced renal effects
Blood Urea Nitrogen, Creatinine, Glomerular Filtration Rate
normal range of Creatinine
0.7-1.3 mg/dL
normal range of blood urea nitrogen
8-25 mg/dL
normal range of Glomerular Filtration Rate
90-120ml/min/1.73msquared
term used to describe a failure of circulation in which blood pressure is inadequate to support oxygen perfusion of vital tissues and is unable to remove the by products of metabolism
shock
results from massive infection
Septic
results from external hemorrhage, lacerations, or plasma loss due to burns
hypovolemic
Med given for Angina
nitroglycerin
med given for blood thinner
heprin
blood given for clonic spasm
glucagon
med given for diabetic
glucaphage
pre meds for allergic reaction
benadryl/decadron & a steriod
med given for seizures
dilantin
med given for edema
lasix
med given for cardiac arrest/ anaphylaxis
epinephrine
for a properly positioned waters view of the facial bones, where should the pertrous ridges be?
completely below the maxillary sinuses
what is not part of the microscopic anatomy of the kidney? A. loop of Henle B. Distal convoluted tubule C. Efferent arterioles D. Minor Calyx
D
Proper evaluation for a PA Caldwell projection of the skull?
petrous ridges located in the lower thirds of the orbits
Which of the following is not a function of the liver?
A. production of bile B production of heparin C detox of blood impurities D storage of bile
D
With the patin in the RAO position, air will be located in what part of the stomach
Fundus
With an exposure made on deep inspiration, identify the portion of the thorax demonstrated on the resultant image with the pt placed in the LPO position
Left Axillary Ribs
Identify the most superior, lateral structure recorded on an AP projection of the scapula
Acromion Process
how should the tech identify an in patient prior to beginning an exam?
Check the pts. id bracelet
a requisition requires you to perform a prattle upright chest on a patient in ICU. Upon arrival at the patients room the patient is under heavy med and is lying dorsal recumbent position. what should your first step be?
ask the pts. nurse if the patient can be placed in an upright position
med term for hives
Urticaria
Type of contrast agent that will be successful in decreasing the subject receptor exposure of the part effected by the agent
Carbon Dioxide
Negative contrast agents cause subject receptor exposure to ________ and radiographic receptor exposure to _________.
Decrease, increase
Which of the following is an example of a non-ionic contrast agent? A. hypaque B. Isovue C. Renographin D. Conray
B
Which of the following is an example of a moderate reaction to a contrast agent? A. nausea and vomiting B. Very low blood pressure C. Tachycardia D. Cyanosis
C
A drop in red blood cell production within the hematopoetic system resulting from radiation therapy treatments delivered to the long bones of the body would be classified as what type of radiation effect?
General Somatic
The unit of measurement equal to 100 ergs of energy absorbed per gram irradiated material describes the?
RAD
As the distance from source of radiation to the patient is doubled, the intensity of the:
decrease 4X
With the use of filtration, X-ray quality is said to ______ and X-ray quantity is said to_________
Increase, decrease
The compton effect can be found in the \_\_\_ kVp range A. high B low C mild D. B and C are correct
C
