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Image Production Flashcards

1
Q

As mAs increases what happens to Receptor Exposure

A

Receptor Exposure will increase because mAs is the main controlling factor of receptor exposure so mAs controls to amount of X-rays that reach the IR

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2
Q

mAs and Receptor exposure have a direct or indirect relationship?

A

Direct

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3
Q

As SID increases What happens to Receptor Exposer

A

Receptor Exposure will decrease, the further away from the IR the less X-rays reach the IR

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4
Q

as KVP increases what happened to Receptor Exposure

A

Receptor Exposure Increases the higher the KV the higher the Scatter the higher the receptor exposure

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5
Q

if KVP increases what happened to image contrast?

A

Contrast will decrease the higher the kv the more scatter produced the less contrast

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6
Q

as image receptor screen speed increases what happened to receptor exposure

A

receptor exposure will increase because the faster the speed the noisier the image

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7
Q

as image receptor screen speed increases what happened to contrast

A

contrast will increase

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8
Q

only 2 times that receptor exposure and contrast will have a direct relationship

A

screen speed and beam filtration

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9
Q

As additive pathology increases what will happen to receptor exposure

A

receptor exposure will decrease because less X-rays are able to reach the IR the are being absorbed in the added pathology

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10
Q

as additive pathology increases what will happen to contrast?

A

contrast will increase do to the added pathology absorbing more of the X-ray beam

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11
Q

as subject density increases what will happen to receptor exposure?

A

receptor exposure will decrease due to less x-rays reaching the IR they are being absorbed by the thinker anatomy

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12
Q

as subject density increases what will happen to contrast?

A

contrast will increase

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13
Q

what happens to receptor exposure when with destructive diseases

A

receptor exposure will increase due to more X-rays reaching the IR

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14
Q

what happens to contrast with destructive diseases

A

contrast will decrease due to more X-rays reaching the IR

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15
Q

as collimation increases what happens to receptor exposure?

A

receptor exposure decreases

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16
Q

as collimation decreases what will happen to contrast?

A

contrast will increase

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17
Q

as SID increases what will happen to Spatial resolution?

A

increase

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18
Q

as SID decreases what will happen to spatial resolution

A

decrease

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19
Q

as OID increases what will happen to spatial resolution

A

decrease

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20
Q

as OID decreases what will happen to spatial resolution?

A

increase

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21
Q

___ are beam attenuators they decrease skin exposure to patient

A

filters

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22
Q

as the amount of filtration in the path of the beam _____ the amount of radiation available to exposure the image receptor will decrease, resulting in a decrease in radiographic receptor exposure

A

increase

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23
Q

as thickness increases beam attenuation _______ and receptor exposure will decrease

A

increase

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24
Q

as the atomic number of an object increases attenuation will _____ yielding a decrease in radiographic exposure

A

increase

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25
Q

increasing collimation results in ___ the field size

A

decreasing

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26
Q

added or destructive: edema

A

additive

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27
Q

added or destructive: : tumors

A

additive

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28
Q

added or destructive: atelectasis

A

additive

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29
Q

added or destructive: cardiomegaly

A

added

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30
Q

added or destructive: CHF

A

added

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31
Q

added or destructive: : pleural effusion

A

added

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32
Q

added or destructive: pneumonia

A

added

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33
Q

added or destructive: tb

A

added

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34
Q

added or destructive: ascites

A

added

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35
Q

added or destructive: hydrocephalus

36
Q

added or destructive: pagers disease

37
Q

added or destructive: atrophy

A

destructive

38
Q

added or destructive: emphysema

A

destructive

39
Q

added or destructive: pneumothorax

A

destructive

40
Q

added or destructive: bowel obstruction

A

destructive

41
Q

added or destructive: degenerative arthritis

A

destructive

42
Q

added or destructive: gout

A

destructive

43
Q

added or destructive: osteomalacia

A

destructive

44
Q

added or destructive: osteoporosis

A

destructive

45
Q

fat cat is used for what effect?

A

Anode heel effect

46
Q

image screens are?

A

contrast enhancers

47
Q

3 things that affect scatter

A

increase kvp, increase part thickness, increase field size

48
Q

tool used to reduce part thickness

A

compression

49
Q

___ are beam attenuators

50
Q

filtration changes the qualities of the beam, making the beam more?

A

homogeneous

51
Q

where is penumbra always greater?

A

under the cathode side of the beam

52
Q

SID-OID=SOD

A

SID-OID=SOD

53
Q

two types of patient motion:

A

respiration (voluntary), peristalsis (involuntary)

54
Q

the reduction in the size of the focus directed toward the image receptor versus the size of the actual area on the surface of the anode bombarded with electrons, is referred to as the?

A

line focus principle

55
Q

as the angle of the anode decreases the effective focal spot?

56
Q

wet plaster casts require what kind of technique adjustments

A

100% mas, or an 8-10 increase KVP

57
Q

dry casts require what kind of technique adjustments?

A

50-60% mas or a 5-7 increase KVP

58
Q

fiberglass require what kind of technique adjustments?

A

25-30% mas or 3-4 increase in KVP

59
Q

what is the greets controller of quantum mottle?

60
Q

Contrast lost results from too few X-rays reaching the IR

A

Quantum Mottle

61
Q

Everything is within the glass of the X-ray EXCEPT

A

the stators

62
Q

what makes up the induction motor

A

rotor and stator

63
Q

X-rays are produced ____ which means they are produced with equal intensity in all directions

A

isotropically

64
Q

radiation that is emitted through the metal protective housing is called leakage radiation and should not exceed?

A

1mGy/hr at 1 meter

65
Q

__ are designed to reproduce a desired amount of film density on images take of selected body parts regardless of changes within the patients being examined

66
Q

how do beam restriction devices effect pt dose:

67
Q

how do beam restriction devices effect receptor exposure

68
Q

how do beam restriction devices effect contrast

69
Q

Ohms Law

70
Q

V=

A

Voltage or electric potential

71
Q

I=

A

current measured in amperes

72
Q

R=

A

resistance measured in Ohms

73
Q

Which of the following has no effect on radiographic contrast?

a) kVp
b) Focal Spot Size
c) OID
d) IRS

A

B Focal spot size

a) as kvp increases contrast decreases
c) as OID Increases contrast decreases
d) as screen speed increases contrast increases

74
Q

as screen speed increases contrast and receptor exposure?

A

both increase

75
Q

as filtration decreases contrast and receptor exposure?

A

both decrease

76
Q

the transformer found in the filament circuit is designed to send voltage in the range of ___ volts to the filament of the X-ray tube

77
Q

formula for parallel electrical circuit

A

1/R1+1/R2+1/R3=1/Rt

78
Q 
which of the following is located on the secondary side of the step up transformer of a typical radiographic circuit?
A) kVp meter 
B) mA Selector 
C) Autotransformer 
D) Rectifier
79
Q

The line compensator is located on:
A) secondary side of the autotransformer
B) Primary side of the step up transformer
C) Secondary side of the filament transformer
D) Primary side of the autotransformer

A

Primary side of the autotransformer

80
Q

mA selector location

A

primary side of filament transformer

81
Q

Generator that has a voltage ripple of 3-4%

A

Three phase, twelve pulse

82
Q

how many pulses per second occur with a three phase, six pulse radiographic unit?

83
Q

The input phosphor of an image intensification tube is typically made of?

A

Cesium Iodide

84
Q

Tests for reproducibility and linearity should not exceed plus or minus?

85
Q

Which of the following combinations are needed in digital radiography system to produce an image?

a) intensifying screen and TFT
b) xRay absorber and CCD
c) storage phosphor plate and CCD
d) storage phosphor place and TFT

86
Q

When using flat panel detectors that use indirect conversion technology, which of the following occurs?

a) light is converted into X-rays
b) electrons are converted into X-rays
c) X-rays are converted into visible light
d) light is converted into electrons

A

C) X-rays are converted into visible light

87
Q 
Which of the following directly converts X-ray energy into a digital electrical signal?
A) photoconductor
B) photomultiplier 
C) Scintillator 
D) Photo stimulator
A

A Photo Conductor

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