PT. 3 Ch. 14 Common Tasks and Essential Tools

Question 1

What’s the most important determinant of distribution quality for Linux?

Answer 1

The packaging system and the vitality of the distribution’s support community

Question 2

Why and how do we need to keep up with Linux updates?

Answer 2

They update every six months, with individuals software on the daily. We need good tools.

Question 3

What is Package Management?

Answer 3

A method of installing and maintaining software on the system

Question 4

What is a general rule of packaging systems?

Answer 4

A package intended for one distribution is not compatible with another distribution.

Question 5

What are the two basic camps of packaging technologies?

Answer 5

Debian (.deb) and Red Hat (.rpm)

Question 6

What are four distributions for the packaging system Debian?

Answer 6

Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Raspbian

Question 7

What are 4 distributions for the packaging system Red Hat?

Answer 7

Fedora, CentOS, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, OpenSUSE

Question 8

What is the basic unit of software in a packaging system?

Answer 8

Package File

Question 9

What is a package file?

Answer 9

a compressed collection of files that comprise the software package.

Question 10

What can a package file consist of?

Answer 10

1. numerous program files 2. data files 3. metadata 4. pre-installation scripts 5. post-installation scripts (for configuration)

Question 11

What is the name of the person who creates the package files?

Answer 11

The Package Maintainer (may or may not be an employee of the distribution vendor)

Question 12

What steps does a package maintainer take?

Answer 12

1. Gets the software in source code from the upstream provider (author), 2. Compiles it, 3. Creates the package metadata and any necessary installation scripts.

Question 13

Where are packages made available to the users of a distribution?

Answer 13

Central Repositories

Question 14

Why would a distribution maintain several different repositories?

Answer 14

For different stages of the software development life cycle. i.e. “testing” repository, development repository

Question 15

If a package requires a shared resource such a s a shared library, what is it said to have?

Answer 15

a dependency

Question 16

Why is some method of dependency resolution provided on all modern package management systems?

Answer 16

to ensure that when a package is installed, all of its dependencies are installed, too?

Question 17

What are the two types of tools package management systems consist of?

Answer 17

1. Low-level tools 2. High-level tools

Question 18

What do low-level tools in package management systems do?

Answer 18

they handles tasks such as installing and removing package files

Question 19

What do High-Level package management system tools do?

Answer 19

They perform metadata searching and dependency resolution

Question 20

What is the low level tool for the Debian style distribution?

Answer 20

dpkg

Question 21

what are the High-Level tools for Debian style distributions?

Answer 21

apt, apt-get, aptitude

Question 22

What are the low-level tools for red hat style distributions?

Answer 22

rpm

Question 23

What sets Red Hat style distributions High-Level tools apart from Debian’s?

Answer 23

RH uses different high-level tools (such as yum, or dnf)

Question 24

What are package search commands for Debian Style Distributions?

Answer 24

1. apt-get update

2. apt-cache search search_string

Question 25

What are package search commands for red hat style distributions?

Answer 25

yum search search_string

Question 26

Give an example of searching for a yum repository for the emacs text editor:

Answer 26

yum search emacs

Question 27

What are the Debian style package installation commands?

Answer 27

1. apt-get update | 2. apt-get install package_name

Question 28

What are the Red Hat Style Package Installation Commands for Yum?

Answer 28

yum install package_name

Question 29

Show an example of installing the emacs text editor from an apt repository on a Debian system:

Answer 29

apt-get update; apt-get install emacs

Question 30

What are the conditions and consequences of installing a package using a low-level tool?

Answer 30

Conditions: If the package file has been downloaded from a source other than a repository. Consequence: it will be installed without dependency resolution

Question 31

Low Level package installation command for Debian Style?

Answer 31

dpkg -1 package_file

Question 32

Low Level Package Installation command Red Hat Style?

Answer 32

rpm -i package_file

Question 33

Package Removal Commands for Debian Style?

Answer 33

apt-get remove package_name

Question 34

Package Removal Commands for Red Hat Style?

Answer 34

yum erase package_name

Question 35

Give an example of uninstalling the emacs package from a Debian-Style system:

Answer 35

apt-get remove emacs

Question 36

What is the most common package management task?

Answer 36

Keeping the system up-to-date

Question 37

Package Update Commands in Debian style

Answer 37

apt-get update; apt-get upgrade

Question 38

Package Update Commands Red Hat Style for Yum

Answer 38

yum update

Question 39

give an example of applying all available updates to the installed packages on a Debian-style system:

Answer 39

apt-get update; apt-get upgrade

Question 40

What vital task can high-level tools perform in a single step?

Answer 40

Keeping the system up-to-date with the latest versions of packages.

Question 41

What does dpkg -i package_file do?

Answer 41

it installs packages, but it will also install upgrades.

Question 42

how do you upgrade with low-level tools in red hat style?

Answer 42

rpm -U package_file

Question 43

What does a Package Listing Command do?

Answer 43

Displays a list of all the packages installed on the system

Question 44

Package listing command for Debian Style

Answer 44

dpkg -l

Question 45

package listing command for Red Hat Style

Answer 45

rpm -qa

Question 46

How do you display whether a specified package is installed?

Answer 46

With Package Status Commands

Question 47

Package Status Command for Debian Style

Answer 47

dpkg -s package_name

Question 48

Package status command for Red Hat Style

Answer 48

rpm -q package_name

Question 49

Package Information Command for Debian style

Answer 49

apt-cache show package_name

Question 50

Package Information Commands for Red Hat Style yum

Answer 50

yum info package_name

Question 51

How do we find which package installed a file?

Answer 51

With Package File Identification Commands

Question 52

Package File Identification Commands for Debian Style

Answer 52

dpkg -S file_name

Question 53

Package File Identification Command for Red Hat Style

Answer 53

rpm -qf file_name