Ch.4 Manipulating Files and Directories

Question 1

what does command cp do?

Answer 1

Copy files and directories

Question 2

what does command mv do

Answer 2

move/rename files and directories

Question 3

what does mkdir do

Answer 3

create directories

Question 4

what does rm do

Answer 4

remove files and directories

Question 5

what does ln do

Answer 5

create hard and symbolic links

Question 6

What do Wildcards allow us to do?

Answer 6

Select filenames based on patters of characters. Also called globbing.

Question 7

What are the five wild cards?

Answer 7

1. • 2. ? 3. [characters] 4. [!characters] 5. [[:class]]

Question 8

Wildcard that matches any characters

Answer 8

*

Question 9

Wildcard that matches any single character?

Answer 9

?

Question 10

Wildcard that matches any character that is a member of the set characters?

Answer 10

[characters]

Question 11

Wildcard that matches any character that is not a member of the set characters.

Answer 11

[!characters]

Question 12

Wildcards that matches any character that is a member of the specified class

Answer 12

[[:class]]

Question 13

What are the five most commonly used character classes?

Answer 13

1. [:alnum:] 2. [:alpha;] 3. [:digit:] 4. [:lower:] 5. [:upper:]

Question 14

Character class that matches any alphanumeric character

Answer 14

[:alnum:]

Question 15

Character class that matches any alphabetic character

Answer 15

[:alpha:]

Question 16

Character class that matches any numeral

Answer 16

[:digit:]

Question 17

Character class that matches any lowercase letter

Answer 17

[:lower:]

Question 18

Character class that matches any uppercase letter

Answer 18

[:upper:}

Question 19

Wildcard that matches all files

Answer 19

*

Question 20

Wildcard that matches any file beginning with “g”

Answer 20

g*

Question 21

Wildcard that matches any filebegnning with “b” followed by any characters and ending with “.txt”

Answer 21

b*.txt

Question 22

Wildcard that matches any file beginning with “Data” followed by exactly three characters

Answer 22

Data???

Question 23

Wildcards that matches any file beginning with either an “a”, a “b”, or a “c”

Answer 23

[abc]*

Question 24

Wildcard that matches any file beginning with “BACKUP” followed by exactly three numberals

Answer 24

BACKUP. [0-9][0-9][0-9]

Question 25

Wildcard that matches any file beginning with an uppercase letter

Answer 25

[[:upper:]]*

Question 26

Wildcard that matches any file not beginning with a numeral

Answer 26

[![:digit:]]*

Question 27

Wildcard that matches any file ending with a lowercase letter or the numerals 1,2, or 3.

Answer 27

*[[:lower;]123]

Question 28

What does it mean when three periods follow an argument in the description of a command?

Answer 28

the argument can be repeated. i.e mkdir needs 1 command to run, but can have multiple. cd needs 0-1 commands to run but cannot do more.

Question 29

How do you copy the single file item1 to the single file item2?

Answer 29

cp item1 item2

Question 30

How do you copy multiple items into a directory?

Answer 30

cp item…directory

Question 31

cp option that copy the files and directories and all of their attributes, including ownerships and permissions. Normally, copies take on the default attributes of the user performing the copy.

Answer 31

-a, –archive

Question 32

cp option that before overwriting an existing file, prompts the user for confirmation

Answer 32

-i, –interactive

Question 33

cp option that recursively copies directories and their contents.

Answer 33

-r, –recursive

Question 34

cp option that when copying files from one directory to another, only copies files that either don’t exist or are newer than the existing corresponding files, in the destination directory. This is useful when copying large numbers of files as it skips files that don’t need to be copied.

Answer 34

-u, –update

Question 35

cp option that displays informative messages as the copy is performed

Answer 35

-v, –verbose

Question 36

cp command that copies file1 and file2 into directory dir1

Answer 36

cp file1 file2 dir1

Question 37

cp command that using a wildcard, copy all the files in dir1 into dir2.

Answer 37

cp dir1/* dir2

Question 38

cp command that copy the contents of directory dir1, to directory dir2. If directory dir2 does not exist, it is created and, after the copy, will contain the same contents as directory dir1.

Answer 38

cp -r dir1 dir2

Question 39

command to more or rename the file or directory item1 to item2

Answer 39

mv item1 item2

Question 40

command to move one or more items from one directory to another

Answer 40

mv item… directory

Question 41

mv option that before overwriting an existing file, prompts the user for confirmation. if this option is not specified, mv will silently overwrite files.

Answer 41

-i, –interactive

Question 42

mv option that when moving files from one directory to another, only move files that either don’t exist or are newer than the existing corresponding files in the destination directory.

Answer 42

-u, –update

Question 43

mv option that display informative messages as the move is performed

Answer 43

-v, –verbose

Question 44

rm option that before deleting an existing file, prompts the user for confirmation

Answer 44

-i, –interactive

Question 45

rm option that recursively deletes directories. This means that if a directory being deleted has subdirectories, it deletes them too. To delete a directory, this option must be specified.

Answer 45

-r, –recursive

Question 46

rm option that ignores nonexistant files and do not prompt

Answer 46

-f, –force

Question 47

rm option that display informative messages as the deletion is performed

Answer 47

-v, –verbose

Question 48

The following creates a hard link

Answer 48

ln file link

Question 49

the following creates a symbolic link

Answer 49

ln -s item link

Question 50

What are the two things are hard link cannot do?

Answer 50

1. reference a file outside its own file system. This means a link cannot reference a file that is not on the same disk partition as the link itself. 2. A hard link may not reference a directory

Question 51

Which type of link is indistinguishable from the file itself?

Answer 51

The hard link

Question 52

How do symbolic links work?

Answer 52

They create a special type of file that contains a text pointer to the referenced file or directory.

Question 53

What happens when you delete a file and not it’s symbolic link?

Answer 53

The link points to nothing and is described as broken