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053 Procedual AI0422 > PT 1 exam - previous COPY > Flashcards

PT 1 exam - previous COPY Flashcards

1
Q

Name 4 of the directives for approach controllers

A
  1. Providing an ATC service in accordance with the procedures and minima in MATs
  2. Compliance with procedures detailed in LUOs
  3. Rendering all possible assistance to an aircraft in emergency or distress
  4. Maintaining such records as may be required
  5. Maintaining a continuous watch on the designated approach control frequencies.
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2
Q

Define Air Traffic Control Clearance.

A

An authorisation for an aircraft to proceed under conditions specified by an air traffic control unit. (CAR)

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3
Q

Define Approach Control Service.

A

An air traffic control service for arriving or departing controlled flights. (CAR)

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4
Q

Define Visual Departure. LEARN MORE

A

A departure by an IFR flight when either part or all of an instrument departure procedure is not completed and the departure is executed in visual reference to terrain. (CAA)

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5
Q

After being informed that an aircraft is responding to an RA, what actions shall the controller take?

A

The controller shall pass essential traffic information or traffic information (as applicable) to the aircraft reporting the RA and to all other aircraft that may be affected by the manoeuvre.

Control instructions shall not be issued to the aircraft responding to an RA or to any other aircraft involved with the RA event as this may interfere with the resolution action planned by the ACAS.

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6
Q

An ATC clearance issued to an IFR or VFR flight to operate enroute shall contain the following elements in the order listed:

LEARN slightly better

A
  • Aircraft identification as shown on the flight plan, and
  • If appropriate, notification and reason for unavailability of requested route and/or cruising level, and
  • Authorisation to operate in controlled airspace in accordance with instructions issued, and
  • Clearance limit, and
  • Route instructions, and
  • Level instructions, and
  • Any other instructions or information as required, i.e.
  • departure and diversionary climb instructions;
  • oceanic transition;
  • separation or reporting instructions;
  • SSR code allocation;
  • any special information;
  • frequency change instructions;
  • release instructions;
  • delivery instructions.
  • Note: release and delivery instructions are not passed to the aircraft.*
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7
Q

When may an ATC Clearance be denied?

A

An ATC clearance shall not be denied or withheld except:

  • For traffic reasons, when ATC cannot accommodate traffic additional to that already accepted due to traffic congestion, limitations of equipment, procedures, weather or environmental conditions, emergencies and other similar factors; or
  • When instructed by the General Manager Air Traffic Services
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8
Q

An ATC clearance shall not be denied or withheld except when instructed by the General Manager ATS provided that:

A
  • a clearance shall not be withheld unless the aircraft is on the ground and the clearance is for entry onto the manoeuvring area.
  • normal ATC service shall be provided for any aircraft entering the manoeuvring area without an ATC clearance.
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9
Q

Name three ways of describing an IFR route.

A
  • By using a standard route clearance,
  • … and the runway-in-use at destination,
  • … and the arrival procedure at aerodrome of destination,
  • By using the phrase “VIA FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE”, to describe the route (as filed by the pilot/company) which is detailed in the flight plan

The phrase “VIA FLIGHT PLANNED ROUTE” shall not be used when the flight plan has been annotated with “RDR” in the RMK field.

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10
Q

Name three types of departure instructions.

A
  • Published instrument departure procedure i.e. Standard Instrument Departure (SID)
  • RADAR SID
  • Visual departure (by day only)
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11
Q

TRUE/FALSE aircraft at standard flight levels should be afforded priority over aircraft using non-standard flight levels.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

True/False: Where published instrument departure procedures do not intercept the cleared route, instructions shall be issued to clearly define how the route is to be joined.

A

TRUE

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13
Q

TRUE or FALSE, Aircraft performance shall be taken into account to ensure that any intermediate level issued allows a departing aircraft to be at or above the Enroute descent (Distance) steps, VORSEC/VORTAC chart steps, Terminal Arrival Altitudes (TAA) and 25 NM Minimum Sector Altitude (25 NM MSA), or radar terrain map.

A

TRUE - they shall also be informed to climb above/descend via the distance steps/VORSEC steps etc.

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14
Q

Where it is not possible to clear a flight via the requested or flight planned route or cruising level, the pilot shall be advised using what phrase?

A

“(route and/or level) NOT AVAILABLE DUE (reason) [ALTERNATIVE(S) IS/ARE (route(s) and/or level(s)) ADVISE]”

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15
Q

What is the phraseology to request an aircraft to report 10 DME from Forest?

A
  • *“REPORT 10 FROM FZ DME”**
  • *“REPORT (distance) FROM (name of DME station) DME”**
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16
Q

What is the phraseology to request an aircraft to report their DME distance from Forest?

A
  • *“REPORT DME DISTANCE FROM FZ”**
  • *“REPORT DME DISTANCE FROM (name of DME station)”**
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17
Q

What is the time criterion for a revision message?

A

For a CPL or estimate message passed to:

  • An Area, approach or flight information sector - 2 minutes
  • A radar sector - 3 minutes
  • An aerodrome control or aerodrome flight information unit - 5 minutes
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18
Q

What is the phraseology for a revision?

A

Transferring Controller: “REVISION (aircraft callsign) (revised details)”

Accepting Controller: “(aircraft callsign) (revised details)”

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19
Q

What is the phraseology for a Will You Accept Message?

A

Transferring Controller: “WILL YOU ACCEPT (aircraft callsign) (revised details)”

Accepting Controller: “AFFIRM (aircraft callsign) ACCEPTED (revised details)”

or

Accepting Controller: “NEGATIVE, WILL ACCEPT (aircraft callsign) (alternative details)”

Transferring Controller (To a negative response): “REVISION (aircraft callsign) (alternative details)”

20
Q

What phraseology shall be used for an Approval Request?

A

Transferring Controller: “APPROVAL REQUEST (aircraft callsign, level) VIA (significant point) (any other relevant details)”

Accepting Controller: “(aircraft callsign) (level) APPROVED [conditions/restrictions]”

or

“(aircraft callsign) UNABLE TO APPROVE (alternative instructions/reasons)”

21
Q

Vertical or horizontal (including radar) separation standards may be reduced under what circumstances?

A

• When visual (including composite visual) separation is applied; or

• When military separation is being applied; or

• Between aircraft in formation, providing prior notice of the formation flight has been given to ATC, or the formation flight consists of an aircraft in distress and its escort.

22
Q

MILSEP may only be applied:

A
  • In accordance with a written agreement with the relevant military agency, and
  • When agreed to by the pilots of the aircraft involved, and
  • between military aircraft.
23
Q

AN IFR flight may be cleared to fly subject to maintaining own separation from one other IFR flight and remaining in VMC provided:

LEARN ALL BUT PERFECT THE BOLD

A
  • a specific request is made by the pilot, and
  • the pilot of the other IFR aircraft agrees with the application of the procedure, and
  • the aircraft remains in class D airspace, and
  • it is daylight, and
  • the flights concerned remain on the same ATC frequency, and
  • the affected aircraft are not subject to a radar control service, and
  • the clearance is for a specified portion of the flight at or below 10,000ft AMSL during climb or descent to a clearly defined separation level, position or time, and
  • essential traffic is passed, and
  • if there is a possibility that flight in VMC may become impractical this procedure shall not be used.
24
Q

When shall you withhold a clearance for the application of visual separation beyond the vicinity of an aerodrome?

A

Where it is considered that other flights may be adversely affected or an orderly flow of traffic prejudiced.

25
Q

With regard to separations, what are the rules regarding aircraft established within controlled airspace and aircraft outside of controlled airspace?

A

Flights operating outside of controlled airspace are considered to be separated from flights within controlled airspace.

26
Q

What shall you ensure when issuing clearances to aircraft entering controlled airspace?

A

Clearances issued to flights entering controlled airspace shall ensure that separation from flights already operating within controlled airspace is achieved by the controlled airspace entry point.

27
Q

Vertical Separation Table

A
28
Q

What are the limitations regarding slant range for D seps?

LEARN THESE… LEARN THESE… LEARN THESE…

A
  • *• D20 separations are valid for any altitude**
  • *• D10 separations are valid up to and including FL290, provided that both aircraft are on the same side of a DME station**
  • *• D10 separations are valid up to and including FL150 when aircraft are on opposite sides of a DME station**
29
Q

When speed differential or comparison is required by these separations…. what must you have PERFECT THESE

A
  • the same speed reference, applicable to the phase of flight, shall be used, eg IAS to IAS, and
  • if IAS is used, the speeds shall be checked when the aircraft are within 4000ft of one another prior to applying the separation.
30
Q

The use of longitudinal separation based on distance is subject to the following: BE MORE CONFIDENT WITH THESE

A
  • Direct controller/pilot VHF voice communication being maintained, and
  • The aircraft are flying either directly inbound or directly outbound from the same DME station and/or collocated waypoint, or the same waypoint, and
  • When applying these separation minima between any aircraft with area navigation capability, controllers shall specifically request GNSS derived distance, and
  • the aircraft to which a GNSS distance is being applied specifies G in item 10 of the flight plan
31
Q

Define Crossing Track, Same Track, Reciprocal Track.

Know the bold better

A

Crossing Track:
Any track which intersects another at 45º or more from a particular direction of flight and from its reciprocal
Same Track/Reciprocal Track:
Any track which intersects another at less than 45º from a particular direction of flight and from its reciprocal or, parallel same direction or reciprocal tracks not otherwise separated.

32
Q

What are the provisos for the use of Rate of Climb Separation?

Know everything, remember the bold

A
  • For rates of climb from take-off, confirmation is obtained from both pilots that the specified rates of climb are acceptable and can be sustained to MSA. In all other cases, pilot read-back may be taken as acceptance;
  • An alternative method of separation can be applied in a timely manner, if required;
  • at least 2000ft exists between the aircraft at the commencement of the application
  • the specified rates will not allow separation to decrease below the minimum;
  • separation is checked at intervals of not more than 5000ft or 5 minutes, whichever is the more frequent;

• forecast/observed/reported mountain wave activity or turbulence that might affect aircraft performance is not present;

• the aircraft are at or below FL290

33
Q

What phraseology shall be used to apply a rate of climb separation?

A

“(callsign a/c 1) REPORT MINIMUM RATE OF CLIMB UNTIL PASSING [separation level]”

“(callsign a/c 1) CLIMB AT (the restricted rate) MINIMUM until passing (separation level)”

“(callsign a/c 2) ARE YOU ABLE TO CLIMB AT (the restricted rate) AND ACHIEVE A (the stipulated percentage) CLIMB GRADIENT] TO MSA (or (separation) level)”

“(callsign a/c 2) CLIMB AT 1000 FEET PER MINUTE MAXIMUM TO (level)”

34
Q

30º Successive - Lead aircraft same speed / faster(A) following aircraft may be cleared for take-off provided that:

A
  • Initial departure tracks diverge by 30º or more; and
  • Visual or radar observation confirms that:
  • the leading aircraft has turned to clear the proposed departure track of the following aircraft and adequate separation will exist; or
  • the leading aircraft has reached a point where adequate separation will exist with the following aircraft; and
  • The aircraft tracks will continue to diverge by 30º or more until some other form of separation exists, and
  • Aircraft performance, incl. the radius of turn of the following aircraft, is taken into account; and
  • Met conditions, incl. wind direction and strength, are taken into account; and
  • Where necessary, traffic info is passed to the following aircraft.
35
Q

What are the provisos for T1 45º?

Know these better and for future exams

A

• Leading aircraft is of the same or faster performance and they are to fly on tracks diverging by at least 45º immediately after take-off.

• Where the leading aircraft is to turn more than 90º action must be taken to ensure the departure track of the following aircraft does not cross the departure track of the leading aircraft.

• Leading aircraft is slower provided the leading aircraft reports established on a track that diverges by at least 45º from the track of the following, prior to the following aircraft being cleared for take-off.

• T1 shall not be used where both aircraft are to turn in the same direction and the angle of turn of the following aircraft is greater than the angle of turn of the leading aircraft

36
Q

What are the provisos for T2 40kts? KNOW BETTER

A

• Leading aircraft will maintain a speed of 40 knots or more faster than the following aircraft, and both aircraft propose to follow the same exact track or tracks that diverge by less than 45º.

37
Q

What are the provisos for T5 higher level? Know these better

A

• T5 while vertical separation does not exist if a departing aircraft will be flown through the level of a preceding departing aircraft and both propose to follow the same exact track or tracks that diverge by less than 45º.

• Action must be taken to ensure that T5 is maintained or increased while vertical separation does not exist.

38
Q

What are the separations and conditions for two aircraft on the same track and crossing through each others levels?

A
  • T10
  • T5 - both crossed waypoint, level change commences within 10min of second crossing
  • T5 - lead aircraft crossed VOR/NDB, second has not, and 1 maintaining level flight
  • D20
  • D10 & 20 Knots
  • D10 1 maintaining level flight
  • D10 from last report of lead aircraft
39
Q

What are the separations and conditions for two aircraft on reciprocal tracks and crossing through each others levels?

A
  • ETP +/- 10min
  • T1 after 2nd crossed Significant Point
  • D10 Passed (passed each other by no less than 10NM).
  • Both crossed ground-based Nav Aid (VOR/DME)
  • Mutual sighting (both VMC, reported sighting & passed).
40
Q

Detail three methods on confirming separation (excl. time & distance) after two aircraft have passed.

A
  • Both aircraft having reported crossing a ground based Nav Aid
  • Another separation standard eg. observation on radar
  • Mutual sighting, provided that there is no possibility of incorrect identification.
41
Q

What are the separations and conditions for two aircraft on crossing tracks (relative angle less than 90º) at the same level?

A
  • T10
  • D20
  • D10 & 20 Knots
42
Q

What are the provisos for using T5 20Knots and T3 40Knots?

A
  • departed from the same aerodrome; or
  • crossed the same significant point; or
  • first aircraft enroute, second on ground joins.
43
Q

What are the separations and conditions for two aircraft on the same track at the same level?

A
  • T10
  • T5 & 20 Knots
  • T3 & 40 Knots
  • D20
  • D10 & 20 Knots
44
Q

T Seps may be established by requiring aircraft to..?

A
  • depart at a specified time; or
  • lose or gain time to arrive over a location at a specified time; or
  • hold over a location until a specified time.
45
Q

What are the time based Departure separations?

A
  • T1 - tracks diverge at least 45º
  • T2 - Lead aircraft 40kts+ faster
  • T5 higher level
46
Q

Provisos for when the use of longitudinal separation based on distance is subject to…

A
  1. Direct controller/pilot VHF voice communication being maintained;
  2. The aircraft are flying either directly inbound to or directly outbound from the same DME station and/or collocated waypoint, or the same waypoint;
  3. When applying these separation minima between any aircraft with area navigation capability, controllers shall specifically request GNSS derived distance;
  4. The aircraft to which a GNSS distance is being applied specifies “G” in the flight plan

053 Procedual AI0422 (7 decks)

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