Psycotherapy

Question 1

psychotherapy define

Answer 1

the systematic use of a relationship between a patient and a therapist - as opposed to physical and social methods to produce changes in feelings, cognition and behaviour

Question 2

framework for psychological therapies

Answer 2

A - psychological tx as an integral part of mental health care - eg: ward nurse, won’t say what to do, but trust
B - eclectic physiological therapy and counselling - eg: not following one psychology, pragmatic matching to needs of individual
C - formal psychotherapies

Question 3

type C therapies examples

Answer 3

CBT
psychodynamic therapies
systematic and family therapy (eg: children with family)

Question 4

origins of psychotherapy

Answer 4

freud’s topographical model
conscious, preconscious and unconscious level
ID - basic urges born with - anger, desire
ego - rational part, works on how to satisfy the person. from 18 mths onwards
super ego - standard by which you want to behave. the ‘you cant have’ part of the personality, from 4 yrs age

Question 5

defence mechanisms

Answer 5

repression
denial
projection
displacement
regression
sublimination

Question 6

bowlby’s theory

Answer 6

the first relationship provides the infant with an attachment template…continue into adulthood
- things you learn about communication and trust from early life
- makes sense in abuse in childhood…dysfunctional personalities and relationship problems

Question 7

transference define

Answer 7

unconscious transfer of feelings and attitudes from the past into the therapist
- ‘seeing things through the eyes of the past’
- is the pt angry as im acting like their father

Question 8

therapist effects - counter transference

Answer 8

all the feelings the therapist has in relation to patient
therapist must be aware of this

Question 9

psychodynamic psychotherapy

Answer 9

the presenting problem is understood in the light of past experience (eg: childhood traumas) and the dynamics of the internal world

Question 10

psychodynamic therapy how used

Answer 10

recurrent and chronic inter-personal difficulties
- management of personality disorders, eating disorders and anxiety disorders

Question 11

phobia response

Answer 11

contact with stimulus -> fear -> escape from stimulus -> anxiety reduces -> reinforces belief

Question 12

prolonged exposure therapy

Answer 12

anxiety reduces as increases exposure to stimulus due to habituation
graded (start with pic of spider), focused, prolonged and repeated

Question 13

how CBT work in anxiety

Answer 13

reduce avoidance
cease safety seeking behaviour
exposure
test beliefs by relief life experiments

Question 14

depression cycle

Answer 14

depression - reduced activity - loss of things that used to give you fun - worse of how you feel - more depressed

Question 15

CBT indications

Answer 15

depression
anxiety states
eating disorders
sexual dysfunction

Question 16

characteristics of pyschotherapies

Answer 16

an intense confiding relationship with a helpful person = the therapeutic alliance or therapeutic relationsip lies at heart of all approaches
tries to understand patient’s
empower pt
facilitation of emotional arousal