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LCSW Exam > Psychotropic Meds > Flashcards

Psychotropic Meds Flashcards

1
Q

antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics, tranquilizers) treat what

A

psychotic symptoms, most frequently used for schizophrenia, available in decanoate forms that can be injected every 2-4 weeks, phenothiazine derivatives are frequently mentioned

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2
Q

antipsychotic drugs: symptoms most likely to respond include

A

POSITIVE SYMPTOMS OF PSYCHOSIS
-agitation, hallucinations, sleep disturbance, tension, combative/belligerent behavior, paranoid behavior, disorganized thinking

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3
Q

antipsychotic drugs: symptoms least likely to respond include

A

NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS
-impaired judgement, lack of insight, weight gain, withdrawal, poor motivation

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4
Q

antipsychotic drugs: side effects (general)

A

-sedation
-postural hypertension
-weight gain
-photosensitivity
-sexual dysfunction
-breast swelling (gynecomastia)
-anticholinergic side effects
-tardive dyskinesia
-extra pyramidal symptoms
-acute dystonia reactions
-neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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5
Q

antipsychotic drugs: anticholinergic side effects

A

dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary hesitation, constipation
-block/inhibit the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

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6
Q

antipsychotic drugs: tardive dyskinesia side effects

A

involuntary movements of the tongue/lips/face/jaw, and twitching, snakelike movement of extremities, can persist indefinitely after stopping
-prevention-limit exposure to antipsychotics, no cure; vitamin E can help

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7
Q

antipsychotic drugs: extra pyramidal symptoms (EPS)

A

Parkinsonian syndrome, triad of signs including tremors, rigidity, slowed movement; cogwheel feel to joints, masklike faces/diminished expressiveness (akinesia), treat side effects with Artane, Cogentin, Benadryl
-akathisia (compulsion to be in motion); purposeless motor movement, treat by lowering dose of antipsychotic

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8
Q

antipsychotic drugs: acute dystonic reactions

A

involuntary muscle spasms, tightening of mouth/jaw/neck, oculogyric crisis (eyes involuntarily look in different directions)
-treat with benzodiazepines, antihistamines, Cogentin

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9
Q

antipsychotic drugs: neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

**medical emergency, starts after starting narcoleptic, symptoms include fever, muscle rigidity, mental status change, tachycardia; treatment-stop meds and seek immediate medical attention

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10
Q

thorazine

A

antipsychotic

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11
Q

mellaril

A

antipsychotic

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12
Q

stelazine

A

antipsychotic

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13
Q

prolixin

A

antipsychotic; also available as injectable (Prolixin D)

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14
Q

havane

A

antipsychotic

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15
Q

haldol

A

antipsychotic; also available as an injectable (haldol D)

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16
Q

chlorpromazine

A

antipsychotic

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17
Q

thioridazine

A

antipsychotic

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18
Q

trifluoperazine

A

antipsychotic

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19
Q

fluphenazine

A

antipsychotic

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20
Q

thiotrixene

A

antipsychotic

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21
Q

haloperidol

A

antipsychotic

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22
Q

atypical antipsychotics effective for what symptoms

A

negative symptoms, have less extrapyramidal symptoms, lower risk for tardive dyskinesia

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23
Q

clozapine (clozaril)

A

atypical antipsychotic
-different action
-common side effects: increase saliva production/drooling, sedation, nausea, hypotension/dizziness, tachycardia, weight gain, increased risk of seizures
-no reported tardive dyskinesia
-useful with treatment resistant patients

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24
Q

reperidone (Risperdal)

A

atypical antipsychotic
-also available as injectable
-sedation most prominent side effect (increases with dose)
-infrequent side effects-headache, dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention, palpitations, nervousness
-no reported tardive dyskinesia
-question of relief of both positive and negative symptoms

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25
Q

ariprazole (abilify)

A

newer antipsychotic

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26
Q

ziprasidone (geodon)

A

newer antipsychotic

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27
Q

quetiapine (seroquel)

A

newer antipsychotic

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28
Q

olarizapine (zyprexa/zyprexa reprev-available as injectable)

A

newer antipsychotic

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29
Q

asenapine (saphis)

A

newer antipsychotic

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30
Q

paliperidone palmitate (invega sustenna-available as injectable or sublingual tablets)

A

newer antipsychotic

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31
Q

iloperidone (fanapt)

A

newer antipsychotic

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32
Q

antidepressant drugs: tricyclic antidepressants general info

A

-contraindicated for certain heart disease
-lethal in OD, SSRIs safer for clients with SI
-2-3 weeks to see effect
-can monitor blood levels

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33
Q

antidepressant drugs: tricyclic antidepressants side effects

A

-autonomic, anticholinergic
-cardiovascular (tachycardia, change in EKG rhythms)
-precipitation of hypomania/rapid cycling for bipolar

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34
Q

imipramine (Tofranil)

A

common tricyclic antidepressants

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35
Q

amitriptyline (elavil)

A

common tricyclic antidepressants

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36
Q

notriptyline

A

common tricyclic antidepressants

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37
Q

desipramire

A

common tricyclic antidepressants

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38
Q

doxepin

A

common tricyclic antidepressants

39
Q

antidepressants: monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)-side effects

A

hypertension with high doses or also taking a TCA or stimulant, consuming high tyramine food

40
Q

antidepressants: monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) adverse drug reactions

A

stimulants, appetite suppressants, cold remedies, cocaine derivatives (novacain), TCA’s, anything that increases blood pressure levels

41
Q

antidepressants: monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) dietary restrictions

A

aged foods/high in tyramine, beer/wine/ale, cheese, pickled/smoked fish, beef/chicken liver, sausage, yeast supplements

42
Q

phenetzine (Nardil)

A

antidepressants: monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

43
Q

tranylcypromine (parnate)

A

antidepressants: monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

44
Q

isocarboxazid (marplan)

A

antidepressants: monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)

45
Q

antidepressants: second generation antidepressants- general info

A

similar efficacy to MAOIs/TCAs, different side effects/adverse effects

46
Q

amoxapine (Asendin)

A

second generation antidepressants

47
Q

trazadone (desyrel)

A

second generation antidepressants; can also be used for sleep

48
Q

maprotiline (ludiomil)

A

second generation antidepressants

49
Q

bupropion (wellbutrin)

A

second generation antidepressants

50
Q

venlafaxine (effexor)

A

second generation antidepressants

51
Q

nafazodone (serzone)

A

second generation antidepressants

52
Q

antidepressants: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)-general info

A

therapeutic effects similar to TCAs, less toxic and safer to heart than TCAs

53
Q

antidepressants: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)- side effects

A

dose related; weight loss, nausea/diarrhea, nervousness/headache/tremor/anxiety (fluoxetine), somnolence (paroxetine), sexual dysfunction long term

54
Q

fuoxetine (prozac)

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

55
Q

sertraline (zoloft)

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

56
Q

paroxetine (Paxil)

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

57
Q

vilazodone (vilibryd)

A

selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

58
Q

antidepressants: serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)- general info

A

-similar efficacy to TCAs, less toxic, safer in OD than TCAs

59
Q

antidepressants: serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)- side effects

A

dose related; dry mouth, loss of appetite, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, nervousness, insomnia, high blood pressure, sexual probs

60
Q

duloxetine (cymbalta)

A

serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

61
Q

desvenlafaxine (pristiq)

A

serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

62
Q

lithium

A

mood stabilizer; narrow therapeutic index, check blood levels to monitor kidney/thyroid function

63
Q

lithium side effects

A

enlarged/underactive thyroid, renal/kidney function-increased urination, inhibits ability to concentrate urine, need to drink more water; gastrointestinal irritation, pain, vomiting, anorexia; CNS and neuromuscular-mental dullness, fatigue, weight gain
-do not take during first trimester of pregnancy

64
Q

lithium general info

A

-sometimes combined with antipsychotic or antidepressant, not used for unipolar depression
-2+ weeks to build therapeutic level to fully contain manic episode, need to take several times a day
-more effective for mania than depression

65
Q

carbamazepine (tegretol)

A

anticonvulsant used to stabilize mood
-avoid during 1st trimester
-may depress bone marrow function, check blood count, monitor unusual bleeding

66
Q

valproic acid (depakote)

A

anticonvulsant used to stabilize mood
-effective for rapid cycling and mixed bipolar
-avoid during pregnancy

67
Q

gabapentin (neurontin)

A

anticonvulsant used to stabilize mood

68
Q

lamotrigine (lamictal)

A

anticonvulsant used to stabilize mood

69
Q

topiramae (topomax)

A

anticonvulsant used to stabilize mood

70
Q

meds to treat panic disorder with or without agoraphobia

A

TCAs, MAOIs, alprazolam (Xanax), SSRI

71
Q

meds to treat OCD

A

TCAs, MAOIs, SSRIs (fluroxamine/luvox, sertraline/zoloft)

72
Q

meds to treat specific phone/social phobia

A

beta blockers, paxil

73
Q

benzodiazepines used to treat

A

generalized anxiety
-safer, more effective, less abuse potential than barbiturates

74
Q

benzodiazepines: side effects

A

impaired muscle coordination, impairment of short term memory

75
Q

benzodiazepines treatment issues

A

chronic vs PRN, OD/abuse liability, difficult to stop, withdrawal, drug used most often in ODs

76
Q

diazepam (valium)

A

benzodiazepines

77
Q

chlordiazepoxide (librium)

A

benzodiazepines

78
Q

lorazepam (ativan)

A

benzodiazepines

79
Q

clorazepate (tranexene)

A

benzodiazepines

80
Q

barbiturates (anxiolytic/minor tranquilizer)

A

high abuse potential, safety issues, hard to find therapeutic dose, danger when combined with alcohol

81
Q

antipsychotics for anxiety

A

no more effective than benzos, problematic side effects, combine with anxiolytic for psychotic clients with high anxiety

82
Q

buspirone (buspar)

A

anxiolytic/minor tranquilizer can be used to treat anxiety; 2-6 weeks for effect, need to take daily not PRN

83
Q

flurazepam (dalmane)

A

benzo used for sleep

84
Q

triazolam (halcion)

A

benzo used for sleep

85
Q

temazepam (restoril)

A

benzo used for sleep

86
Q

eszopicione (lunesta)

A

hypnotics used for sleep

87
Q

zolpidem (ambien)

A

hypnotics used for sleep

88
Q

zaleplon (sonata)

A

hypnotics used for sleep

89
Q

ramelton (rozerem)

A

hypnotics used for sleep

90
Q

methylphenidate (ritalin and concerta)

A

used for hyperactivity in kids, psychostimulant

91
Q

amphetamine (adderall)

A

psychostimulant

92
Q

pemoline (cylert)

A

psychostimulant

93
Q

lisdexamfetamine (vyvanse)

A

psychostimulant

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