Psychotic Disorders Flashcards
What are negative symptoms?
absence of normal behaviours
Avolition
Anhedonia
Alogia
Attention Deficit
What are psychotic symptoms
positive symptoms
- delusions and hallucinations
what are positive symptoms
presence of abnormal behaviorus
- delusions, hallucindations
- thought disorder, bizzarre behaviour
what are disorganisation symptoms?
thought disorder
bizarre behaviour
catatonic?
Catatonic = motor disturbances such as immobility, mutism, peculiarities of voluntary movement, echolalia
What is delusional disorder?
A. The presence of one (or more) DELUSIONS with a duration of 1 MONTH or longer.
B. Criterion A for schizophrenia has never been met.
Note: Hallucinations, if present, are not prominent and are related to the delusional theme (e.g., the sensation of being infested with insects associated with delusions of infestation).
C. Apart from the
impact of the delusion(s) or its ramifications, functioning is not markedly impaired, and behavior is not obviously bizarre or odd.
D. If manic or major depressive episodes have occurred, these have been brief relative to the duration of the delusional periods.
E. The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or an other medical condition and is not better explained by another mental disorder, such as body dysmorphic disorder or obsessive-compulsive disorder.
What are the types of delusional disorders?
Erotomanic type: This subtype applies when the central theme of the delusion is that another person is in love with the individual.
Grandiose type: This subtype applies when the central theme of the delusion is the conviction of having some great (but unrecognized) talent or insight or having made some important discovery.
Jeaious type: This subtype applies when the central theme of the individual’s delusion is that his or her spouse or lover is unfaithful.
Persecutory type: This subtype applies when the central theme of the delusion involves the individual’s belief that he or she is being conspired against, cheated, spied on, followed, poisoned or drugged, maliciously maligned, harassed, or obstructed in the pursuit of long-term goals.
Somatic type: This subtype applies when the central theme of the delusion involves bodily functions or sensations.
Mixed type: This subtype applies when no one delusional theme predominates.
Unspecified type: This subtype applies when the dominant delusional belief cannot be clearly determined or is not described in the specific types (e.g., referential delusions without a prominent persecutory or grandiose component).
Brief Psychotic Disorder?
A. Presence of one (or more) of the following symptoms. At least one of these must be (1), (2), or (3):
1. Delusions.
2. Hallucinations.
3. Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence).
4. Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.
Note: Do not include a symptom if it is a culturally sanctioned response.
B. Duration of an episode of the
disturbance is atleast 1 day but less than 1 month, with eventual full return to premorbid level of functioning.
C. The disturbance is not better explained by major depressive or bipolar disorder with
psychotic features or another psychotic disorder such as schizophrenia or catatonia, and is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition.
What does it mean if delusion disorder with BIZARRE CONTENT
Delusions are deemed bizarre if they are clearly implausible, not understandable, and not derived from ordinary life experiences (e.g., an individual’s be lief that a stranger has removed his or her internal organs and replaced them with some one else’s organs without leaving any wounds or scars).
schizophreniform disorder?
A. Two (or more) of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1-month period (or less if successfully treated). At least one of these must be (1), (2), or (3):
- Delusions.
- Hallucinations.
- Disorganized speech (e.g., frequent derailment or incoherence).
- Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior.
- Negative symptoms (i.e., diminished emotional expression or avolition).
B. An episode of the disorder lasts at least 1 month but less than 6 months. When the diagnosis must be made without waiting for recovery, it should be qualified as “provisional.”
C. Schizoaffective disorder and depressive or bipolar disorder with psychotic features have been ruled out because either 1) no major depressive or manic episodes have occurred concurrently with the active-phase symptoms, or 2) if mood episodes have occurred during active-phase symptoms, they have been present for a minority of the total duration of the active and residual periods of the illness.
D. The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition.
what does it mean if schizophreniform is with or without good prosgnostic features?
specifier
With good prognostic features:
This specifier requires the presence of at least two of the following features:
- onset of prominent psychotic symptoms within 4 weeks of the first noticeable change in usual behavior or functioning;
- confusion or perplexity: good premorbid social and occupational functioning;
- absence of blunted or flat affect.
Without good prognostic features:
This specifier is applied if two or more of the above features have not been present.
Difference between schizophreniform and schizophrenia?
longer duration - 6 or more months of disturbance is required for schizophrenia
schizophreniform is 1-6 months
schizoaffective disorder?
A. An uninterrupted period of illness during which there is a major mood episode (major depressive or manic) concurrent with Criterion A of schizophrenia.
Note: The major depressive episode must include Criterion A1 : Depressed mood.
B. Delusions or hallucinations for 2 or more weeks in the absence of a major mood episode (depressive or manic) during the lifetime duration of the illness.
C. Symptoms that meet criteria for a major mood episode are present for the majority of the total duration of the active and residual portions of the illness. (total = active + Residual phases)
D. The disturbance is not attributable to the effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition.
specify if bipolar or depressive type
in psychotic disorders, how is severity assessed?
Severity is rated by a quantitative assessment of the primary symptoms of psychosis, including delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, abnormal psychomotor be havior, and negative symptoms.
Each of these symptoms may be rated for its current severity (most severe in the last 7 days) on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 (not present) to 4 (present and severe).
What is the residual stage of schizophrenia?
Obvious psychosis has subsided, but the patient may exhibit negative symptoms of scgizophrenia, such as social withdrawal, a lack of emotion, and uncharacteristically low energy levels.
And, although frank psychotic behaviors and vocalizations have disappeared, the patient may continue to hold strange beliefs.
For instance, when you’re in the residual phase of schizophrenia, you may still believe you have supernatural intelligence, but no longer think you can read people’s minds word-for-word.
