Psychotherapy Flashcards
Definition of Psychotherapy
psychological treatment of emotional problems via a professional relationship, allowing for modification of existing symptoms mediating disturbing behavior patterns and encouraging personal growth
what are some common characteristics of psychotherapy
non-judgemental
Emphasis on therapeutic rapport between Dr and Patient
confidentiality (except when safety concerns demand breach)
supervision of therapist
What are the keys for effective psychotherapy
insight and motivation
what is psychodynamic psychotherapy
Freud’s approach
early childhood plays a role in shaping experiences later on in life, feelings and behaviours are influenced by unconcious motives that are the result of early childhood experience
What are some ways to look into the unconcious mind when undergoing psychodynamic psychotherapy
1) Dream analysis
2) Free association (when I say x say the first thing that comes to mind)
3) Slips of the tongue
4) Transference and counter-transference
what is transference
unconscious redirection of a patient’s own beliefs/feelings, towards the therapist
What is counter-transference
when a therapist projects pre-formed beliefs and transposes them to the patient
What is the main task of psychotherapy
to establish a link between childhood defense mechanisms current symptoms
What are the broad categories of defence mechanisms
Mature
Neurotic
Primitive
What are examples of mature defence mechanisms
humour altruism anticipation sublimation affiliation
What are some examples of neurotic defence mechanisms
displacement (transfer -ve feelings about 1 person to the other)
externalisation
intellectualisation (avoid emotions, get stuck on details)
repression
reaction formation (acting on impulse)
what are some examples of primitive defence mechanisms
denial autistic fantasy passive aggressive acting out splitting projection
what is psychoanalysis
rigorous, 50-60min, 3-5x a week time intensive reflection focused on developing insight
what is psychoanalysis best for, how often is it done nad for how long
long term personality disorders (except EUPD)
what is psychodynamic therapy, how often is it done and for how long
1-2 per week, 50-60 min sessions, usually over 14-20 sessions but can be over 1-2 years
focuses more on current symptoms and defence mechanisms
what is psychodynamic therapy used for
personality disorders and anxiety/mood disorders
What is Dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT)
helps to manage difficult emotions by letting them experience recognise and accept them
typically done over a year
what is DBT best used for
EUPD
what are the 4 elements of DBT
individual
skill training in groups
telephone crisis coaching
therapist consultant groups
what is problem-solving therapy
primary care based therapy, using a stepwise approach:
1) elicit problem
2) explain emotional symptom
3) reassure
4) clarification and collaborative problem solving
5) patient chouse of solution
6) review and repeat
What is interpersonal therapy and what is it used for
active reframing/rebuilding of interpersonal relationship
used in depression
what is supportive therapy
unconditional positive regard, empathy and genuineness, acting as someone to vent to and promote self management/support personal development
what is family therapy
therapy focused on the system and not on the individual
what is cognitive behavioural therapy
therapy focused on finding the cognitions behind our actions/emotions
