Psychotherapy Flashcards
List some indications for CBT (4)
Stand alone:
Depression
Anxiety disorders
Adjunct:
Schizophrenia
Bipolar
What is the ABC of CBT?
Activating event (trigger)
Belief (thoughts/attitudes)
Consequences (emotions, behaviours, physical Sx)
Describe the initial + ongoing sessions of CBT
Initial: get to know each other, analyse events with ABC, unsure pt understands ABC model
Ongoing:
Pt completes hw (written (diary) + behav (challenges))
List some cognitive errors that may be addressed in CBT (7)
Arbitary inference (gf out = having fun someone else)
Generalisation (missed bus = hopeless)
Selective abstraction
Magnification (if don’t do this then I am useless)
Minimisation (only nice to me because…)
Personalisation (all my fault)
Dichotomous thinking (if don’t get this = I have failed)
Describe how you would explain CBT to a patient (9)
- Check understanding of CBT
- Explain why being considered + effectiveness
- MOA (hot cross bun + relate to pt)
- Explain process (sessions, hw)
- Mention SEs (initially worsen)
- Explain whether poss need concurrent medication
- What happens at end / if unsuccessful
- Check understanding
- Signpost to self-help (RCP leaflets)
What components may be included in psychoeducation in anxiety disorders? (5)
Definition/nature of illness
Explaining anxiety cycle for indiv Dx
Precipitating/maintaining factors
Treatment available (meds + psych) CBT approach
How may guided self-help be facilitated?
Resources inc. books/online
Guided/facilitated by trained person for efficacy
What is the Graded Exposure approach in CBT + how does it work
Main Tx for anxiety esp PHOBIAS
→ ID fear
→ Outline hierarchy of manageable steps
→ Start with small triggers
→ Repeated/graduated exposure moving up hierarchy
What is the Exposure + Response Prevention approach in CBT + how does it work
Similar technique but esp for OCD
Expose self to fear + not do compulsion
What is EMDR (eye movement desensitising reprocessing) used for? + how does it work?
for PTSD
Re-experience trauma in detail whilst focusing on therapist’s rapidly moving finger + alternating stimulus
How is psychodynamic psychotherapy different to CBT
What is the ‘psychodynamic triad’?
Psychodynamic = feelings/behavs influenced by unconscious motives from early childhood experiences
CBT = feelings/behavs influenced by thoughts / core beliefs
Triad = childhood events / current symptoms / defence mechanisms
What is transference / counter-transference
Transference = unconscious redirection of pt’s feelings → therapist
Counter-transference = unconscious redirection of therapist’s feelings (from past) → onto pt
What are some ‘mature’ defence mechanisms
6 ASASHA
Altruistic (charitable) Sublimation (channel into acceptable behav) Anticipation (prepare for situations) Suppression (consciously distract) Humour Affiliation (seek support)
What are some ‘neurotic’ defence mechanisms
5 RIDER
Repression (unconsciously ignore)
Intellectualisation (focus on silly details)
Displacement (transfer negative feelings)
Externalisation (blame others)
Reaction formation (convey opposite of real feelings)
What are some ‘primitive’ defence mechanisms
6 PAPADS
Passive-aggressive Autistic fantasy (daydream) Projection Acting out Denial Splitting (black/white thinking)
