Personality Disorders Flashcards
What are the hallmarks of a personality disorder (vs just personality traits) (3Ps)
Pervasive - in all/most areas of life
Persistent - from adolescence
Pathological - distressing to self/others and impairs func
Describe the etiological factors behind personality disorders (3)
Genetics / neurochemical imbalance:
e.g. aggression/serotonin
Childhood temperament (inc. attachment/conduct issues)
Childhood experiences (neglect/abuse/PTSD)
List some common comorbidities with Personality Disorders (5)
Anxiety disorders (esp Cluster C) Depression (mistaken in EUPD for emotional lability)
Adjustment disorder / Stress reaction
PTSD
Substance misuse / Alcoholism
List the Cluster A (3) PDs
List the Cluster B (4) PDs
List the Cluster C (3) PDs
A = odd/eccentric: Schizoid / Paranoid / Schizotypal
B = dramatic/emotional:
Antisocial / Histrionic / Borderline (EUPD) / Narcissistic
C = anxious/fearful: Anankastic / Anxious / Dependant
List the traits of Paranoid PD (SUSPECT)
Sensitive Unforgiving Suspicious Possessive Excessive self-importance Conspiracy theories Tenacious sense of rights
List the traits of Schizoid PD (ALL ALONE)
Anhedonia
Limited range of emotions
Little sexual interest
Apparent indifference to praise/criticism Lack of close relationships One-player activities Normal social conventions ignored Excessive fantasy world
List the traits of Antisocial PD (FIGHTS)
Form/cannot maintain relationships Irresponsible Guiltless Heartless Temper lost easily Someone else's fault
List the traits in EUPD (SCARS + LOSE IT)
Borderline: Self-image unclear Chronic emptiness Abandonment fears Relationships intense/unstable Suicide attempts/Self-harm/pSeudohallucinations
Impulsive: Lacks impulse control Outbursts Sensitivity to criticism Emotional instability Inability to plan ahead Thoughtless of consequences
List the traits in Histrionic PD (ACTORS)
Attention-seeking Concerned with own appearance Theatrical Open to suggestions Racy Shallow affect
List the traits in Anankastic PD (DETAILED)
Doubtful Excessive detail Tasks not completed Adheres to rules Inflexible Likes own way Excludes pleasure/relationships Dominated by intrusive thoughts
List the traits in Anxious/Avoidant PD (AFRAID)
Avoids social contact Fears rejection/criticism Restricted lifestyle Apprehensive Inferiority Doesn't get involved unless sure of acceptance
List the traits in Dependant PD (SUFFER)
Subordinate Undemanding Feels hopeless alone Fears abandonment Encourages others to make their decisions Reassurance needed
Describe the biopsychosocial management of PDs (3:4:2)
Bio: not licensed, but for co-morbidities
Antipsychotics (transient psychosis / reducing impulsivity + agitation)
Antidepressants (co-morbid anx/dep)
Mood stabilisers
Psycho: CBT / DBT / Cognitive Analytical Therapy (CAT) / Therapeutic Communities
Social:
Good engagement/therapeutic relationship necessary
Social inclusion/support/ housing+benefits
