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Y4 Psych > Psychotherapy > Flashcards

Psychotherapy Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Psychotherapy?

A

the systematic use of a relationship between a pt and therapist - as opposed to physical and social methods, to produce changes in feelings, cognition and behaviour

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2
Q

What is improving access to psychological therapies (IAPT)?

A

*2006
aim of project was to increase provision of evidence based treatments for anxiety and depression, by primary care.

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3
Q

What does psychotherapy aim to do?

A

support patients in changing the way they interact with and perceive the world, to come to terms with past stressors and cope with current and future stressors

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4
Q

What are some indications of psychotherapy?

A
  • mild to moderate depressive illness
  • BPD
  • neurotic illness
  • schizophrenia
  • ED
  • PD

*specifics for learning disabilities, psychosexual problems and substance misuse etc

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5
Q

What are some principles of psychotherapy?

A

develop therapeutic relationship
listen to pt concerns
empathetic approach
provide information, support and advice
allow emotion expression
encourage self help

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6
Q

Differentiate between the Id, Ego and Super ego.

A

Id - primitive part, acts on impulses, no concept of time or others, needs immediate gratification
Ego - rational compromising part, can be logically reasoned with, introduces defence mechanisms
Super ego - all about rules, guilt complex, similar to Id in demands but opposing views

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7
Q

What is Repression?

A

deployed by ego to stop disturbing thoughts from becoming conscious

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8
Q

What is denial?

A

blocking external events from awareness

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9
Q

What is projection?

A

attributing unacceptable thoughts, feelings or motives to another person

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10
Q

What is displacement?

A

satisfying an impulse with a substitute object

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11
Q

What is regression?

A

acting child-like when facing stress

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12
Q

What is sublimation?

A

satisfying an impulse, but in a socially acceptable way

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13
Q

What is transference and countertransference?

A

transference - unconscious transfer of feelings and attitudes from past into the therapist

counter - all the feelings the therapist has in relation to the patient

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14
Q

What is dialectical behavioural therapy?

A

establishing a balance between acceptance and change, using a mix of CBT, behaviourism and mindfulness

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15
Q

What does DBT entail?

A
  1. mindfulness
  2. distress tolerance - help cope with feelings
    (using STOP skill, 5-4-3-2-1)
  3. emotional regulation - identify and understand
  4. Interpersonal effectiveness - getting along with others while asserting your own needs
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16
Q

What is systemic family therapy?

A

make sense of the world through relationships, focusing on the whole family system rather than individuals, focusing on relational context, addressing patterns of interaction and meaning

17
Q

What might be important to consider when thinking of referring a patient for CBT?

A

active Tx requiring pt understanding and collaboration. pt motivated to participate and able to recognise, articulate and link their thoughts and emotions

18
Q

What is the rationale CBT is based on?

A

disorder not caused by life events, but the way pt views these events, holding silent assumptions leading to negative automatic thoughts or cognitive distortions

19
Q

What is the aim of CBT?

A

help identify and challenge their automatic negative thoughts and then to modify any abnormal underlying core beliefs to reduce relapse

*by replacing them with accurate thoughts, functional behaviours

20
Q

How might CBT be delivered?

A

individuals basis, groups, self help via books or computer programmes (online)

21
Q

What are some indications for CBT?

A

mild-moderate depression
ED
anxiety disorders
BPD
chronic medical conditions

22
Q

What is behavioural therapies based on?

A

learning theory, operant conditioning, reinforcing behaviour based on positive consequences for the individual, preventing negative consequences

23
Q

What is exposure and response prevention?

A

patients repeatedly exposed to the situation which causes them anxiety and prevention of acting out on compulsion

*level of anxiety decreases as time goes on

24
Q

What are some other behavioural therapies?

A
  • systemic desensitisation: used for phobic anxiety disorders, gradual exposure to hierarchy of anxious situations
  • flooding: unlike SD, rapid exposure without attempt to reduce anxiety before, not common
25
Q

What is the rationale behind psychodynamic therapy?

A

childhood experiences, past unresolved conflicts and previous relationships influence individuals current situation

26
Q

What does psychodynamic therapy aim to achieve?

A

unconscious explored using free association (whatever comes to mind) and the therapist then interprets, with defence mechanisms explored –> change maladaptive behaviours

*use transference and counter-transference

27
Q

What is psychoeducation?

A

delivery of information to people in order to help them understand and cope with their mental illness

*informed of name and nature
*causes of illness
*helpful services
*self-help

28
Q

What is counselling and its purpose?

A

form of relieving distress, by means of active dialogue to help client find their own solutions to problems, while being guided to do so

29
Q

What are the indications for counselling?

A

adjustment disorder
mild depression
pathological grief
childhood sexual abuse
other trauma like rape or pregnancy loss
substance misuse

30
Q

What is interpersonal therapy?

A

focus is on the interpersonal problem, such as complicated bereavement, relationship difficulties, adopting techniques to focus on difficulties that arise in relationship and impact on individual

31
Q

What are four interpersonal problems IPT deals with?

A

grief at loss of relationships
role disputed within relationships
managing changes in relationships
interpersonal deficits

32
Q

What is the role in eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing?

A

help access and process traumatic memories with recalling emotionally traumatic material while focusing on external stimulus (of moving finger)

for PTSD

33
Q

What is the purpose of dialectical behavioural therapy?

A

type of CBT that provides individuals coping strategies rather than deliberate self harm when faced with emotional instability

34
Q

What are some formats of psychotherapy?

A

individual

couples

family: schizo, depression, BPD, conduct disorder

group: bereavement, substance misuse, chronic conditions

35
Q
A

Y4 Psych (19 decks)

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