Psychosocial final Flashcards
Response variables
Self, environment , activity
Self
OTA’s own personality, the way he or she talks to an acts toward the persons in his or her care.
Environment
Surroundings, which may include the physical space (classroom, hospital room, outdoors), as well as occupants of the space (other patients).
Activity
The thing you and the patient are doing together, such as clay modeling, journaling, resume building, or grocery shopping
Anxiety strategy for modifying the environment
Calm, quiet, and comforting is best.
Orient the client to the occupational therapy area and schedule for activities.
Anxiety: strategy for selecting activities
Client-directed and relaxing
Projects that can be picked up and put down often are ideal
Exercise, relaxation techniques, and social engagement are also useful
Depression: strategies for therapeutic self
Allow client to talk about their feelings and reasons for the feelings.
Help select short-term goals and activities.
Match the tempo of the client.
If suspect suicide, OTA must notify medical staff.
Depression Strategies modifying the environment
Safe and subdued
Minimal stimulation for the severely depressed
Some clients cannot tolerate others, such as in group therapy situations
Present choices whenever possible
Depression: strategies for selecting activities
Simple, short-term, familiar tasks
At first, activities at which the person is guaranteed to succeed
Gross motor activities to release tension
Stress management techniques
Psychoeducation about the illness
Mania: strategy for therapeutic self
Be calm, matter-of-fact, and consistent.
Guide client to focus on one task at a time.
Maintain leadership.
Mania: strategy for modifying the environment
Eliminate or reduce distractions (tools not needed for a project, room décor, music)
Mania: strategy for selecting activities
Short-term activities that allow the person to get up and move around
Provide immediate gratification
Carryover of skills from one day to another
Hallucinations: Strategies for therapeutic self
Discuss external reality calmly, firmly, and rhythmically.
Avoid sarcasm.
Refrain from arguing with the patient about reality.
Identify and define confusing external stimuli.
Increase or decrease stimuli, whichever is helpful.
Hallucinations: strategies for modifying the environment
Calm and quiet, but not isolated
Hallucinations: strategies for selecting activities
Simple tasks requiring cooperation with trusted others
Tasks involving sensory experiences
Delusions: Strategies for therapeutic self
Redirect discussion of delusions to focus on activities
Relate to the client as an intelligent adult
Delusions: Strategies for modifying the environment
Stimulating
Opportunities to engage on many levels and get involved in real-life activities
Delusions: strategies for selecting activities
Suited to intellectual level
Appropriate to person’s occupational roles and reflect interests.
Do not choose activities that may inadvertently reinforce the delusions
Paranoia: strategies for therapeutic self
Avoid approaching from behind or in a manner that might be perceived as threatening.
Don’t whisper.
Be clear, consistent, directive, and unambiguous.
If patient seeks out a special relationship, encourage this trust by giving him/her special activities and tasks related to a group activity.
Paranoia: Strategies for modifying the environment
Keep it stable and reliable.
Encourage association with others, when client is ready to do so.
Paranoia: strategies for selecting activities
Materials that can be controlled
Intellectually appropriate and sufficiently complex
Anger
A strong feeling of displeasure
Hostility
is an unfriendly and threatening attitude directed toward other people.
Aggression
is an attack on a person or object: can be verbal, physical or both
Anger, hostility, aggression: therapeutic self.
Be aware of client’s nonverbal cues.
Help client use words rather than stance or actions to express emotion.
Be direct and clear about what is expected.
Anger, hostility, aggression: Modifying the environment
Isolate them from others who irritate them.
Stand 4 or 5 feet away and to the side when speaking to the client.
Do not touch the client.
Do not allow patient to come between you and an exit.
Be aware of items that could be used as a weapon.
Anger, hostility, aggression: Strategy for selecting activities
Expressive arts
Activities requiring repetitive motions
Assertiveness training
Relaxation and stress management techniques
Seductive behavior and sexually acting out: therapeutic self
Firmly and calmly inform client that his/her behavior is inappropriate.
Halt activities if the behavior continues.
Do not allow patients to entertain the idea of a sexual relationship with you or any staff member.
Inform staff and document all sexually preoccupied behavior and remarks
Seductive behavior and sexually action out: Modifying the environment
Avoid crowded situations in which physical contact is unavoidable.
Allow personal space.
Seductive behavior and sexually action out: Strategies for selecting activities
Gross motor activities.
Masturbation in private may also be suggested.
