Psychosis

Question 1

what is the overall lifetime risk of scizophrenia/psychosis if both parents have it or a MZ twin has it

Answer 1

45%

Question 2

what are signs that present early on in life that schizophrenic patients sometimes have

Answer 2

behavioural, motor, intellectual impairment

Question 3

how is dopamine related to schizophrenia

Answer 3

schizophrenia is related to increased / overactive dopamine activity

drugs that increase dopamine activity can precipitate schizophrenia (amphetamine, apomorphine)

Question 4

list some typical antipsychotics

Answer 4

Haloperidol

chlorpromazine

Question 5

List some atypical antipsychotics

Answer 5

Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Respiridone, Clozapine, Aripiprazole

Question 6

What are some advantages of the second gen antipsychotics

Answer 6

less extrapyramidal side effects
High 5-HT to Dopamine ratio
better at treating negative symptoms

Question 7

what are some side effects of antipsychotics

Answer 7

Parkinsons, tardive dyskinesia, acute dystonic reaction, Akathisia

Question 8

What can clozapine cause

Answer 8

Agranulocytosis

Question 9

What other receptors do antipsychotics bind to and give some consequent side effects

Answer 9

Alpha adrenergic receptors
Histamine receptors - sedation
Muscarinic receptors - parasympathetic stimulation