psychosis

Question 1

akasthesia treatment

Answer 1

reduce medication and add an anticholinergic

Question 2

what distinguishes clozapine

Answer 2

you have to monitor blood for agranulocytosis

Question 3

neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 3

ataxia, slurring of speech, muscle rigidity, tachycardia, HTN, hyperthermia, can cause delirium

Question 4

psychosis

Answer 4

mental disorder in which the thoughts, affective response, ability to recognize reality, and ability to communicate and relate to others are sufficiently impaired to interfere grossly with the capacity to deal with reality

Question 5

classical characteristics of psychosis

Answer 5

impaired reality testing, hallucinations, delusions, and illusions

Question 6

postive symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 6

delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior (including catatonia); often lose touch with reality

Question 7

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

Answer 7

diminished emotional expression (flat affect), allege (diminished speech), anhedonia (diminished ability to experience pleasure), and asociality (lock of interest in social interactions)

Question 8

schizophrenia diagnosis

Answer 8

2 criteria: an active phase with prominent psychotic symptoms lasting > 1 month, unless interrupted by effective treatment; total durations of symptoms regardless of phase of > 6 months

Question 9

prodromal phase

Answer 9

gradual change in behavior; may appear as personality or mood change

Question 10

active phase

Answer 10

classic findings of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking and behavior; can involve sleeplessness and dangerous behavior

Question 11

residual phase

Answer 11

continuing oddities of thinking and behavior, often with prominent negative and cognitive symptoms; delusions are typically absent

Question 12

paranoid descriptor

Answer 12

central delusional theme predominates without disorganized thinking

Question 13

catatonic

Answer 13

prominent psychomotor changes including stupor, excessive excitement, posturing, mechanical speech

Question 14

disorganized

Answer 14

disorganized thinking and behavior; multiple delusions

Question 15

neuroanatomical changes in schizophrenia

Answer 15

decreased blood flow to the frontal lobe, thinning of medial temporal lobe cortex and frontal cortex, small hippocampus

Question 16

schizophreniform disorder

Answer 16

first episode les than 6 months duration

Question 17

schizoaffective disorder

Answer 17

major mood disorder concurrent with schizophrenia-like psychosis; psychotic symptoms persist when the mood disorder has been absent > 2 weeks

Question 18

delusional disorder

Answer 18

circumscribed and often bizarre delusion in an otherwise normal-appearing patient

Question 19

brief psychotic disorder

Answer 19

transient psychosis that develops suddenly, usually after a highly stressful life event; remits rapidly with intervention and does not develop a pattern of recurrence

Question 20

substance induced psychotic disorder

Answer 20

persistent, prominent delusions and hallucinations that developed during or soon after substance intoxication or withdrawal or after exposure to a medication that is capable of producing these symptoms; not the same as delerium

Question 21

psychotic disorder due to another medical conditions

Answer 21

psychosis due to the physiological effects of a medical condition, did not precede the onset of the medical condition, and does not exclusively occur during a delirium
(eg MS, lung cancer, brain injury, hypothyroidism)
may improve with treatment of the medical condition

Question 22

catatonia

Answer 22

severe psychomotor disturbance; may b associated with many different disorders, including schizophrenia, depressive stupor, and a variety of serious medical conditions; can be life threatening

Question 23

delirium

Answer 23

characterized by altered mental status, lasting hours to days; person is not oriented to person, place, or time; reversible condition

Question 24

dementia

Answer 24

syndrome of general loss of cognitive functions and significant functional deterioration