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3F: Low Vision Final > Psychophysics And Aging > Flashcards

Psychophysics And Aging Flashcards

1
Q

Neural cellular loss

A
  • decreased quantum catching ability of photoreceptors
  • PR loss and degenerative changes
  • ganglion cell loss and degenerative changes
  • visual cortex cellular loss
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2
Q

Density of neurons in the macula and age

A

Decreases

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3
Q

Senescence of human vision

A

Decreases at about age 40

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4
Q

VEP and aging

A

Increased latency

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5
Q

Density of rods/cones/GCL and aging

A

Decreases

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6
Q

The total number of cones withi na 4mm of the fovea venter and age

A

Not significantly correlated

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7
Q

S cone function and age (blue)

A

Decreases with age

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8
Q

Which declines more with age, axons or RGCs

A

RGC

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9
Q

Dark adaptation and AMD

A

Decreased

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10
Q

Color and aging

A
  • hue discrimination (make up of orange being 60% red and 40% yellow) stays simialr with aging
  • our eblue, pure red, and pure white stay similar with aging
  • pure green does change with aging
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11
Q

What color changes with age

A

Pure green

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12
Q

Acuity and age

A
  • letter acuity loss
  • accentuated at low light levels
  • crowding effect
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13
Q

visual acuity and age

A

Decreases after 40, with a more sharp decline from about 60 onwards

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14
Q

Which type of VA is affected the least by age?

A

High contrast and high luminance

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15
Q

Which type of VA is affected the most by age

A

Low contrast surround glare

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16
Q

Age related variation of the spherical equivalent

A

Most myopic around age 30, and increases to about +1.00D around age 80

17
Q

Aging and using both eyes together

A

Decreased ability to use eyes equally

18
Q

Optical effects from aging

A
  • increase in optical aberrations
  • increased lens density
  • increases intraocular light scatter
  • senile miosis
  • presbyopia
19
Q

Higher order aberrations and age

A
  • HOAs increase with age
  • corneal, lenticular, and total HOAs increase
  • decoupling of lens compensation for corneal aberration with aging
  • corneal increase in spherical aberration and lens slight decreased in negative compensating SA
  • corneal coma stays stable, negative lens coma decreases
20
Q

Transmissivity for blue green light and age

A

Decreases

21
Q

White light scatter in the lens and age

A

Increases

22
Q

Pupillary diameter and age

A

In dark adaptation-decreases more

In light adaption-slight decrease but kinda stays the same

23
Q

Depth of cost and age

A

Increases

24
Q

Accommodation with age

A

Decreases

25
Q

Spatial contrast sensitivity loss

A
  • accentuated at low light level
  • most severe at high frequency
  • both optical and neural effect
26
Q

Contrast threshold and age

A

Increases after age 40

27
Q

Temporal sensitivity and age

A
  • decreased temporal contrast sensitivity
  • decreased CFF
  • increase contrast threshold for motion
  • increased problems with motion detection
28
Q

Visual fields and age

A
  • constricted Isoptera with kinetic
  • static loss throughout field
  • static loss increased eccentrically
  • loss of functional field of view
29
Q

Sensitivity (dB) on Humphrey VF and age

A

Decreases after age 40

30
Q

Relationship between age and VF region

A

No significant differnet existed between superior and inferior hemifields within the central 10 degrees. A significant difference was found between the superior and inferior hemifields outside of the central 10 degrees of the VF

31
Q

Useful field of view and age

A
  • a form of divided attention task
  • measures visual attention
  • see and identify a target
  • many studies indicate best predictor of crashes
  • sensitivity high, specificity lower
32
Q

Use field of view and age

A

Decreases

33
Q

Everyday consequences of vision function changes

A
  • face perception
  • glare
  • reading tasks
  • driving
  • unintentional fall
  • urinary incontinence
  • ADLs
  • death
34
Q

Reading a face and increasing age

A

Decreased with age

35
Q

Reading rate and age

A

Decreases

36
Q

Useful field and reading

A

Decreased field decreases reading rate

3F: Low Vision Final (8 decks)

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