Psychopharmocology

Question 1

What type of medication is an antipsychotic?

Answer 1

Dopamine antagonist

Question 2

How do SSRI’s work?

Answer 2

They work as inhibitors to stop the nervous system reabsorbing Serotonin, so there is more available in the brain, so can act further on the brain

Question 3

What are common side effects of SSRI’s?

Answer 3

Gastric upset
Nausea
Interfere with ejaculation
Nervousness/restlessness
Insomnia
Anorexia
Headache

Question 4

What are common examples of antipsychotics?

Answer 4

1) Haloperidol
2) Chlorpromazine
3) Risperidone

Question 5

What are some of the side effects of antipsychotics?

Answer 5

1) Extra-pyramidal: akathisia, dystonia, NMS
2) Metabolic: Weight gain, diabetes, liver dysfunction
3) General: Dry mouth, constipation, sex dysfunction, ECG changes
4)

Question 6

What is the main serious complication of increased SSRI levels?

Answer 6

Serotonin syndrome

Question 7

Outline serotonin syndrome

Answer 7

a) increased intrasynaptic serotonin concentration
–> altered mental state, NM dysfunction and autonomic dysregulation,
b) Crisis: tremor, excess sweating, hyperactive bowel syndrome and tachycardia
Treat: Activated charcoal, withdrawal of SSRI/etc,

Question 8

Outline Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Answer 8

PP: Adverse reaction to dopamine receptor agonist (anti-psychotic) //abrupt withdrawal of dopaminergic medication
S/S: Altered mental state, hypertonia, hyperthermia, autonomic dysfunction (^HR, RR etc.), LEAD PIPE rigidity
Inv: Bloods, Imaging and infection screen
Management: withdrawal of AP meds or supportive treatment