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Psychiatry > Psychopharmacotherapy > Flashcards

Psychopharmacotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

NT found in nucleus basalis

A

Ach

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2
Q

NT found in VTA

A

DA; when it’s low»parkinson’s, when it’s high»psychosis

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3
Q

NT found in locus ceruleus

A

NE; when it’s low»ADHD/anxiety, when it’s high»anxiety

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4
Q

NT found in raphe

A

5HT/serotonin; when it’s low»depression

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5
Q

DA pathways dysregulation - mesocortical

A

Negative symptoms (isolation, poor hygeine)

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6
Q

DA pathways dysregulation - mesolimbic

A

Positive symptoms (delusions, AH/VH)

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7
Q

DA pathways dysregulation - nigrostriatal

A

EPS (dystonia, akathisia, TD, NMS)

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8
Q

DA pathways dysregulation - tuberoinfundibular

A

Prolactin Effects (gynecomastia, galactorrhea)

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9
Q

Antipsychotics Side Effects

A

“HAM” histamine: weight gain, sedation; adrenergic: orthostasis, arrhythmias (QTc prolongation); muscarinic: delirium, blurry vision, zerostomia, constipation, urinary retention; + (all) lower seizure threshold

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10
Q

Target of Anti-Psychotics

A

Typicals: DA receptor; Atypicals: DA and 5HT receptor

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11
Q

Which agent carriers a risk for agranulocytosis?

A

Clozapine (clozaril), an atypical antipsychotic

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12
Q

Side Effects of Lithium

A

Neurotoxicity, thyroid dysfunction, diabetes insipidus, leukocytosis, Ebstein’s anomaly; TW: 0.8-1.2mEq/L

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13
Q

Side Effects of Carbamazepine

A

Induces own metabolism, Steven Johnson rash, blood dyscrasia, craniofacial defects; TW: 8-12 mcg/mL

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14
Q

Side Effects of Valproic Acid

A

Hepatitis, blood dyscrasia, neural tube defects; 80-120 mcg/mL

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15
Q

Which benzodiazepenes only undergo glucuronidation?

A

Lorazepam (ativan), oxazepam and temazepam

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16
Q

Which serotinergic receptors are involved in the side effects of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea?

A

5HT3, 5HT4

17
Q

Which serotinergic receptors are involved in the side effects of (early) headaches/jitters? (Late) decreased libido and insomnia?

A

5HT2a, 5HT2c

18
Q

Which antidepressant is beneficial for patients with comorbid pain syndromes?

A

SNRIs

19
Q

Which antidepressant is beneficial for patients who do not want sexual dysfunction side effects?

A

Bupropion (wellbutrin + zyban), an NDRI

20
Q

Which antidepressant promotes sleep and appetite?

A

Mirtazapine (remeron)

21
Q

Which benzodiazepine carries the highest risk of abuse?

A

Alprazolam (xanax)

22
Q

What is a life-threatening risk associated with increased serotonin?

A

Serotonin Syndrome

23
Q

What is perphenazine and what is it’s trade name?

A

Typical antipsychotic with mid-range efficacy and SE aka trialfon

24
Q

What is chlorpromazine and what is it’s trade name?

A

Typical antipsychotic with low-range efficacy and SE aka thorazine

25
Q

What is olanzapine and what is it’s trade name?

A

Atypical antipsychotic aka zyprexa with SE of metabolic syndrome

26
Q

What is risperidone and what is it’s trade name?

A

Most like typical antipsychotics aka risperdal

27
Q

What is fluphenazine and what is it’s trade name?

A

Typical antipsychotics aka prolixin

28
Q

What is haloperidol and what is it’s trade name?

A

Typical antipsychotic aka haldol

29
Q

What is quetiapine and what is it’s trade name?

A

Atypical antipsychotic aka seroquel with SE of sedation and orthostasis

30
Q

What is apriprazole and what is it’s trade name?

A

Atypical antipsychotic aka abilify that is a partial DA agonist with least metabolic syndrome SE

31
Q

What is ziprasidone and what is it’s trade name?

A

Atypical antipsychotic aka geodon with SE of QTc prolongation

32
Q

What is clozapine and what is it’s trade name?

A

Atypical antipsychotic aka clozaril with SE of agranulocytosis, seizures, cardiomyopathy, hypotension and drooling but good for patients with TD and suicidality

33
Q

What is lamotrigine?

A

An anti-convulsant used for prevention of depression aka lamictal

34
Q

What is clonazepam?

A

A benzodiazepine with long onset and duration aka klonopin

Psychiatry (6 decks)

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