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Psychopathy Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 4 reasons for Abnormality?

A

~> Deviation from Social Norms
~> Statical deviation
~> Failure to Function adequately
~> Deviation from mental health

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2
Q

What is Deviation from Social Norms?

A

All societies have there social norms and these can change from culture to culture. If someone was to go against these social norms they would be seen as a deviating Human.

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3
Q

Evaluate Deviation from Social Norms?

A

Strengths:
~> Real world application- useful in clinical trials

Weakness:
~> Culturally Relative- norms are situational

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4
Q

What is Statical Deviation?

A

Where you have a less or more abnormal behaviours

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5
Q

Evaluate Statical Deviation?

A

Strenghts:
~> Real world Applications- useful in clinical trials

Weakness:
~> Unusual Characteristics could be positive

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6
Q

What is Failure to Function adequately?

A

Where abnormality is defined by an inability to cope with everyday life

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7
Q

Evaluate Failure to Function adequately?

A

Strenghts:
~> Provide help and support- diagnosis can be aimed at those who need it

Weakness:
~> Failure to function can be normal- it would depend on circumstances and bereavement

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8
Q

What is Deviation from Mental Health?

A

A difference in our mental health will change the way we act

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9
Q

What did Broverman (1970) say?

A

He said that each person has a abnormal and normal behaviour, this would vary between men and women.

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10
Q

What did Rosenham and Soligman (1989) say?

A

The more abnormal behaviours they show the more likely that are to be considered abnormal.

These behaviours could be: maladaptive, unpredictable, Unconditional behaviour, and Violation of Standards

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11
Q

What did Jahoda say?

A

They gave 6 categories that people may need to be mentally healthy:
G rowth- develop full potential
R esistance to stress- cope with stress
A utonomy- independent
P reception of reality- having a accurate perception of reality
E nvironment master- ability to maintain a job
S elf attidudes- having a high self esteem

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12
Q

What is a Phobia?

A

A irrational fear of an object or situation triggered by anxiety

There are 3 types of phobias:
Specific, Social, and Agoraphobia

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13
Q

What is Specific Phobia?

A

A phobia to an object, animal, or situation

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14
Q

What is Social Phobia?

A

A phobia of a social situation

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15
Q

What is Agoraphobia?

A

A phobia to being outside

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16
Q

What is the DSM-5 Phobia Criteria?

A

A criteria to show the characteristics of a phobia. One of these symptoms must last at least 6 months and not be caused by other disorders.

~> Unreasonable, excessive fear
~> Avoidance of extreme distress
~> Immediate anxiety response
~> Life- limiting

17
Q

What are the Behavioural Characteristics of Phobias?

A

~> Panic: crying, screaming, running away
~> Avoidance: conscious efforts to not encounter stimulus
~> Endurance: staying in the presence of the phobic stimulus

18
Q

What are the Cognitive Characteristics of Phobias?

A

~> Selective attention: focusing all attention on the phobic stimulus
~> Irrational Beliefs: thought about the phobic stimulus are illogical
~> Cognitive Distortions: Perception of the phobic stimulus may b unrealistic

19
Q

What are the Emotional Characteristics of Phobias?

A

~> Anxiety: High rate of anxiety
~> Fear: Immediate anxiety when in presence of phobia

20
Q

What is the Two process Model?

A

a diagram to demonstrate the classical conditioning and operate conditioning in to dealing with a phobia

21
Q

What are the 2 ways to treat a Phobia?

A

~> Flooding
~> Systematic Desensitisation

22
Q

What is Flooding?

A

Flooding is where the phobia is immediately seen and reacted to with the inability to remove the phobia

23
Q

Evaluate Flooding.

A

Strengths:
~> Cost effective: not expensive, can be one session, sessions least longer

Weaknesses:
~> Traumatic: Flooding is more stressful that SD

24
Q

What is Systematic Desensitisation?

A

A Exposure Therapy to increase the gradual exposure of the phobic response

25
Q

Evaluate Systematic Desensitisation.

A

Strenghts:
~> Effective- Gilroy et al found that people who had a spider phobia and followed this treatment found that the group was less fearful after this

Weakness:
~> VR exposure is less effective

Psychology (5 decks)

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