psychopathology TWO PROCESS MODEL

Question 1

STRENGTH, DOUBLE WHOPPER GOOD EXPLANATION

Answer 1

The 2 process model has good explanatory power.

It provides an explanation of how phobias can be maintained over time which has important implications for therapies because it explains why patients need to be exposed to this feared stimulus.

By preventing avoidance behaviour their response behaviour stops being reinforced.

Question 2

COMBO,EXPLAINS DEVELOPMENT OF PHOBIAS

Answer 2

A limitation is that it does explain the dev of phobias.
Some people cannot explain or remember an incident that led to such phobias so suggests this may be a result of different processed.
BUT, Ost suggests that its possible that such traumatic events did actually happen but because of the phobia, the person has just forgot.

Question 3

DOUBLE WHOPPPER, LIMITATION

Answer 3

A limit is that a phobia doesn’t always develop after a traumatic experience.
For example, Di Nardo et al found that not everyone bitten by a dog develops a phobia of dogs.
The diathesis-stress models says we inherit genetic vulnerability for developing mental disorders, but a disorder will only manifest if triggered by a life event.
This suggests that a dog bite will only lead to a phobia if people have this vuln.

Question 4

DOUBLE WHOPPER, LIMITATION,NOT EXPLAINED BY BEHAVIOURAL FRAMEWORK

Answer 4

A limitation is that phobias have cognitive aspects that can’t easily be explained by traditional behavioural framework.
For example, a person who thinks they might die if trapped in a lift might become extremely anxious and this may trigger a phobia about lifts.
This shows that irrational thinking is also involved in the development of phobias.
This explains why cognitive therapies can be more successful in treating phobias than behavioural treatments.

Question 5

LIMITATION, DOUBLE WHOPPER

BIO BETTER EXPLANATION

Answer 5

Biological preparedness may be an even better explanation than the two process model oh how phobias develop.
Seigman says animals are genetically prepared to learn fight or flight responses associated between fear and stimuli that were life threatening in our evolutionary past.
For example, some fears are easier to condition (spiders) than others (toasters) even though toasters are more dangerous.
Therefore, behavioural explanations alone cannot explain the development of phobias.