Psychopathology - OCD

Question 1

What is OCD (obsessive compulsive disorder)

Answer 1

A condition characterised by obsessions and/or compulsive behaviour

Obsessions are cognitive whereas compulsions are behavioural

Question 2

What are the behavioural characteristics of OCD and explain each one

Answer 2

Compulsions are repetitive - actions carried out repeatedly in a ritualistic way

Compulsions reduce anxiety - anxiety may be created by obsessions, or just anxiety alone

Avoidance - OCD is managed by avoiding situations that trigger anxiety

Question 3

What are the emotional characteristics of OCD and explain each one

Answer 3

Anxiety and distress - obsessive thoughts are unpleasant and frightening, and the anxiety that goes with these can be overwhelming

Depression - low mood/lack of enjoyment

Guilt and disgust - irrational guilt i.e over minor moral issue

Question 4

What are the cognitive characteristics of OCD and explain each one

Answer 4

Obsessive thoughts - 90% of people with OCD have recurring intrusive thoughts e.g being contaminated by dirt/germs

Cognitive coping strategies - some people with OCD use strategies to cope e.g meditation

Insight into excessive anxiety - awareness that thoughts and behaviour are irrational. May have catastrophic thoughts and be hypervigilant