Psychopathology AQA Assessment

Question 1

What are the 5 cognitive biases associated with depression?

Answer 1

Arbitrary interference, selective abstraction, catastrophising overgeneralisation, minimisation and maximisation.

Question 2

Explain the cognitive bias Arbitrary Interference:

Answer 2

When conclusions are drawn in the absence of sufficient evidence.

Question 3

Explain the cognitive bias Selective Abstraction:

Answer 3

When conclusions are drawn from only one aspect of a situation.

Question 4

Explain the cognitive bias Overgeneralisation:

Answer 4

When sweeping conclusions are drawn from just one event.

Question 5

Explain the cognitive biases Minimisation and Maximisation:

Answer 5

Minimising successes and maximising failures.

Question 6

Explain the cognitive bias Catastrophising:

Answer 6

When negative events are wildly exaggerated.

Question 7

What are some strategies used in CBT for treating depression?

Answer 7

Problem-solving, thought-catching, cognitive restructuring, behavioural activation (identifying pleasurable activities)

Question 8

What are patients told to to in REBT?

Answer 8

Practice positive and optimistic thinking. A central part of the therapy uses the ABC model to record irrational beliefs and reframe them in a more positive and logical way (homework diary).

Question 9

What phases/steps are involved in REBT?

Answer 9

After the education phase (learning relationships between thoughts, emotions and behaviour), behavioural activation and pleasant event scheduling are introduced. They are aimed at increasing social interaction and physiological activity.