Psychopathology Flashcards
what are phobias
-anxiety disorders
-a fear that negatively impacts a persons everyday life
-an irrational fear
what are the behavioural characteristics of phobias
categorised by avoidance behaviours
-physical symptoms related to the fight or flight response
-immediate response to the fear may be to completely avoid it
-in some cases the response is to freeze
what are the emotional characteristics of phobias
an intense fear and emotional upset
-becoming visibly distressed
-excessive and unreasonable fear, panic and upset
what are the cognitive characteristics of phobias
inability to control irrational feared obsessive thoughts which make the phobia worse
-selective attention - only being able to focus on the object/situation
-irrational thinking - believing the fears going to harm them in some way even if it can not
what is depression
a mood or affective disorder
-involves a prolonged and fundamental disturbance in mood and emotion
what symptoms does someone have to experience to be diagnosed with clinical depression
-poor or increased appetite/weight loss/weight gain
-sleep difficulty/over sleeping
-loss of energy
-body slowing/ being agitated
-loss of pleasure/interest in usual activities
-excessive/inappropriate guilt
-inability to concentrate/think clearly
-suicidal thoughts/behaviour
what are the emotional characteristics of depression
sadness
anger
loss of pleasure/interest in usual activities
what are the behavioural characteristics of depression
increased/reduced energy levels
reduced/increased sleep
reduced/increased appetite
what are the cognitive characteristics of depression
negative and irrational thoughts
loss of interest in life
what is OCD
obsessions that take the form of persistent and uncontrollable thoughts, images,impulses,worries fears and doubts
-often intrusive and unwanted
-significantly interfere with the ability to function on a day to day basis
what are compulsions
repetitive physical behaviours/actions/mental rituals that are performed as an attempt to relieve anxiety caused by obsessions
what are the 4 main categories of OCD
-checking
-contamination/mental contamination
-hoarding
-intrusive thoughts / ruminations
what is the cognitive aspect of OCD
the obsessions
-constant persistant and uncontrollable thoughts, images, impulses worries etc
what is the behavioural aspect of OCD
the compulsive behaviours
