Psychoneuroimmunology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is psychoneuroimmunology

A

study of relationship between the immune and the central nervous system

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2
Q

what are the 3 lines of defenses of the immune system

A

skin, innate response, acquired immunity

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3
Q

what is the innate line of defense

A

fast and nonspecific response, usually inflammation, natural killer cells released

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4
Q

what is acquired immunity

A

slow and specific response, lymphocytes are released (t-cells and b-cells)

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5
Q

acute stress impact on immune function

A

improves the natural response of the body to antigen, on high alert due to fight or flight, leads to changes in leukocyte trafficking.

Evidence = Stress right before vaccine lead to better response to the vaccine

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6
Q

chronic stress impact on immune function

A

greater immune dysregulation , opposite of acute stress

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7
Q

what were the results of the PNI immune response conditioning study (flavored water)

A

Paired sugar flavored water with immunosuppressant drug that causes nausea, Presentation of sugar flavored water over the next several days, Sugar flavored water eventually led to suppressed immune function even without the drug

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8
Q

what task serves as a human model of chronic stress

A

caregiving for loved ones with dementia → causes higher risk of depression, cardiovascular disease and death

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9
Q

what are the stages of wound healing

A

inflammation, proliferation, remodeling

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10
Q

what are some studies that show stress causes wounds to take longer to heal

A

punch biopsy on arm → dementia caregiver and students in exam period took longer to heal,

couple study : couples in interpersonal stress discussion group took longer to heal compared to those in the social support discussion groups

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11
Q

what is the method for monitoring wound healing

A

trans epidermal water loss → two sensors compute level of humidity and temperature, more inflammation and heat = greater innate response and more healing

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12
Q

what were the results of the oxytocin manipulation in paired siberian hamsters

A

first group housed in pairs but given meds to block oxytocin, second injected oxytocin in single housed hamsters .results = Oxytocin antagonist blocked the effect of pair housing, Oxytocin administration mimic the effect of pair housing, Oxytocin mediated the impact of social relationships on wound repair

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13
Q

what were the results of the virus inoculation study

A

entering the study with higher perceived stress result in greater risk of developing clinical symptoms, Risk to develop cold symptoms increases linearly with greater perceived stress and the duration of major life stressor

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14
Q

how do vaccines work

A

weakened form of virus is injected so antibody production is activate, t cells and b cells develop memory of virus and know how to fight it

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15
Q

what are opportunistic viruses

A

express only when the host experiences decline in immune functioning. The virus hides within the nucleus of the cell and remains dormant (undetected can’t be attacked) and waits till immune system is low then becomes active

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16
Q

how does chronic stress affect telomeres

A

chronic stress associated with shorter telomere length

17
Q

why is inflammation important

A

recruits immune cells to the wounded cells, promotes destruction of pathogens and promotes healing

18
Q

what happens when you have too much inflammation (can be due to chronic stress)

A

immune cells start attacking the body, chronic inflammation associated with cardiovascular disorder, diabetes, cancer, and auto-immune diseases

19
Q

why is stress bidirectional with the brain

A

stress (brain) increases inflammation, inflammation in turn affects the brain