Psychology Simply DK Flashcards
Who wrote The Passions of the Soul in 1649 claiming that body and soul are separate?
Rene Descartes
Who investigated hypnosis in his book On the Cause of Lucid Sleep in 1819? Born in 1756 Goa.
Abbe Faria
Which philosopher wrote The Sickness Unto Death in 1849 marking the beginning of existentialism?
Soren Kierkegaard
Whose research in 1869 suggested nurture is more important than nature in Hereditary Genius?
Francis Galton
Who produced Lectures on the Diseases of the Nervous System in 1877? Born Paris 1825, known as “the founder of modern neurology”, and his name has been associated with at least 15 medical eponyms. Studies between 1868 and 1881 were a landmark in the understanding of Parkinson’s disease, He also led the disease formerly named paralysis agitans (shaking palsy) to be renamed after James Parkinson. He named Tourettes after his student.
Jean-Martin Charcot
Which German founded the first laboratory of experimental psychology in Leipzig, Germany in 1879? Was the first person ever to call himself a psychologist, He is widely regarded as the “father of experimental psychology”.
Wilhelm Wundt
German pyschologist born 1856, published the Textbook of Psychiatry in 1883? Announced that he had found a new way of looking at mental illness, referring to the traditional view as “symptomatic” and to his view as “clinical”. Split pyschosis into Manic Depression and Dementia Praecox. Co-discover of Alzheimers.
Emil Kraepelin
Female American pyschologist (1918-2008) who proposed her namesake stages of ego development? Conceptualize a theory based on Erik Erikson’s psychosocial model and the works of Harry Stack Sullivan (1892–1949) in which “the ego was theorized to mature and evolve through stages across the lifespan as a result of a dynamic interaction between the inner self and the outer environment”.
Jane Loevinger
Which American child psychoanalyst published the 1950 book Childhood and Society with his thoughts on the Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development? Came up it with wife Joan.
Erik Erikson
French psychologist who invented the first practical IQ test. In 1904, the French Ministry of Education asked him to devise a method that would determine which students did not learn effectively from regular classroom instruction so they could be given remedial work. In 1895, opened the first lab of psychodiagnosis.
Alfred Binet
Born NYC 1842, Among his most influential books are The Principles of Psychology, a groundbreaking text in the field of psychology; Essays in Radical Empiricism, an important text in philosophy; and The Varieties of Religious Experience, an investigation of different forms of religious experience, including theories on mind-cure.
William James
Born 1916 Berlin, German-born British psychologist. He is best remembered for his work on intelligence and personality, although he worked on other issues in psychology. Research purported to show that certain personality types had an elevated risk of cancer and heart disease. Bit racist in terms of intelligence vs race.
Hans Eysenck
1710 in A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge, which philosopher claimed that body is merely perception of the mind?
George Berkeley
1027 Persian Philosopher and Physician who writes about trances in The Book of Healing?
Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
French psychologist, pharmacist, and hypnotist who introduced a popular method of psychotherapy and self-improvement based on optimistic autosuggestion in the 1880s, said to be placebo effect?
Emile Coue
Which philosopher in 1704 discussed petites perceptions (perceptions without consciousness) in his New Essays on Human Understanding?
Gottfried Leibniz
Who in 1912 wrote The Psychology of the Unconscious suggesting all people have a culturally specific collective unconscious?
Carl Jung
Born 1902 Oak Park, American psychologist who was one of the founders of humanistic psychology and was known especially for his person-centered psychotherapy: client centred therapy, student-centred learning etc. Based on a 1982 survey of 422 respondents of U.S. and Canadian psychologists, he was considered the most influential psychotherapist in history (Freud ranked third).
Carl Rogers
American psychologist, psychotherapist, and writer. He gained notability as the creator of primal therapy, a treatment for mental illness that involves repeatedly descending into, feeling, and experiencing long-repressed childhood pain. Most notable book was 1970 The Primal Scream.
Arthur Janov
David Tennant starred as which Scottish psychiatrist in 2017 film Mad to be Normal? Working out of Kingsley Hall in London, he wrote extensively on mental illness in particular psychosis and schizophrenia. Known books: The Politics of Experience and the Bird of Paradise, The Divided Self, The Self and Others.
RD Laing
Norwegian woman who was the first wife of author Axel Jensen and later the muse and girlfriend of Leonard Cohen for several years in the 1960s. She was the subject of Cohen’s 1967 song “So Long, Marianne”.
Marianne Ihlen
Born Ada, Ohio 1909, American existential psychologist and author of the influential book Love and Will (1969). He is often associated with humanistic psychology and existentialist philosophy, and alongside Viktor Frankl, was a major proponent of existential psychotherapy. Wrote The Meaning of Anxiety based on Kierkegard’s The Concept of Anxiety.
Rollo May
Roman poet and philosopher (born 99BC). His only known work is the philosophical poem De rerum natura, a didactic work about the tenets and philosophy of Epicureanism, which usually is translated into English as On the Nature of Things—and somewhat less often as On the Nature of the Universe.
Lucretius
Born 1857 Switzerland, Swiss psychiatrist and humanist most notable for his contributions to the understanding of mental illness. He coined several psychiatric terms including “schizophrenia”, “schizoid”, “autism”, depth psychology.
Eugen Bleuler
Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist. He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, wrote On Aggression, King Solomon’s Ring, Man Meets Dog.
Karl Lorenz
While an undergraduate at Harvard University, he began studying the navigational method of bats, which he identified as animal echolocation in 1944. In The Question of Animal Awareness (1976), he argued that animals are conscious like humans. Griffin was the originator of the concept of mentophobia: the denial of the consciousness of other animals by scientists.
Donald Griffin
French politician who has been the president of the National Rally (RN) since 2022, previously serving as acting president from September 2021 to November 2022 and as vice-president from 2019 to 2022. Succeeded Marine Le Pen in 2022.
Jordan Bardella
German politician who has been serving as co-chairwoman of the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) party alongside Tino Chrupalla since June 2022.
Alice Weidel
Mexican new president - first female
Sheinbaum
Who coined the term identity crisis? American psychologist.
Erik Erikson
New Zealand anthropologist known for his criticism of Margaret Mead’s work on Samoan society, as described in her 1928 ethnography Coming of Age in Samoa.
Derek Freeman
Italian philosopher gives methods for memorizsing using diagrams of knowledge and experience in 1582? He proposed that the stars were distant suns surrounded by their own planets (exoplanets), and he raised the possibility that these planets might foster life of their own, a cosmological position known as cosmic pluralism. He also insisted that the universe is infinite and could have no center. The Inquisition found him guilty, and he was burned alive at the stake in Rome’s Campo de’ Fiori in 1600.
Giordano Bruno
Born 1859 Paris, pioneering French psychologist, physician, philosopher, and psychotherapist in the field of dissociation and traumatic memory. He was the first to introduce the link between past experiences and present-day disturbances and was noted for his studies involving induced somnambulism. Coined words dissociation and subconscious.
Pierre Janet
Born 1901 Paris, French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist. known for the mirror stage, the real, the symbolic, the imaginary, objet petit a, split subject.
Jacques Lacan
Born Prague 1952, American academic who writes about continental philosophy, literary studies, psychoanalysis, political philosophy, and ethics. Wrote Dictations: On Haunted Writing, The Telephone Book: Technology - Schizophrenia - Electric Speech (1989), Crack Wars: Literature, Addiction, Mania, Finitude’s Score: Essays for the End of the Millenium. Done for sexual harassment in 2018.
Avital Ronell
best known for her essay “Can the Subaltern Speak?” and her translation of and introduction to Jacques Derrida’s De la grammatologie. Won 2012 Kyoto Prize.
Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
first book, published in 1973, was Le titre de la lettre (The Title of the Letter, 1992), a reading of the work of French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, written in collaboration with Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe. La remarque spéculative in 1973 (The Speculative Remark, 2001) on Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Le Discours de la syncope (1976) and L’Impératif catégorique (1983) on Immanuel Kant, Ego sum (1979) on René Descartes, and Le Partage des voix (1982) on Martin Heidegger.
Jean-Luc Nancy
His breakthrough work was 1989’s The Sublime Object of Ideology, his first book in English. 2020 Pandemic! Covid-19 Shakes the World., Living in the End Times, The Parallax View, Enjoy your symptom! Jacques Lacan in Hollywood and Out
Slavoj Zizek
Australian philosopher, feminist theorist, and professor working in the U.S. Born 1952, Her works include:
Sexual Subversions: Three French Feminists (1989)
Jacques Lacan: A Feminist Introduction (1990)
Volatile Bodies: Toward a Corporeal Feminism (1994)
Space, Time and Perversion: Essays on the Politics of Bodies (1995)
Elizabeth Grosz
1874 American psychologist, powerful impact on reinforcement theory and behavior analysis, providing the basic framework for empirical laws in behavior psychology with his law of effect. Father of educational psychology. Original apparatus used in his puzzle-box experiments as seen in Animal Intelligence (Jun 1898).
Edward Thorndike
American psychologist who popularized the scientific theory of behaviorism, establishing it as a psychological school. Through his behaviorist approach, he conducted research on animal behavior, child rearing, and advertising, as well as conducting the controversial “Little Albert” experiment and the Kerplunk experiment.
John B(roadus) Watson
American psychologist, behaviorist, inventor, and social philosopher. He also used operant conditioning to strengthen behavior, considering the rate of response to be the most effective measure of response strength. To study operant conditioning, he invented the operant conditioning chamber, his namesake box. He imagined the application of his ideas to the design of a human community in his 1948 utopian novel, Walden Two. 1958 book Verbal Behaviour.
B F Skinner
American behavioural psychologist theories went against those of Thorndike’s classical conditioning and Skinner’s operant conditioning due mainly to his insistence that their “desire for results of immediate practical applications” led to their theories being wrong. Developed ONE-TRIAL LEARNING or SINGLE-TRIAL LEARNING.
Edwin GUTHRIE
an American psychologist who sought to explain learning and motivation by scientific laws of behavior. He is known for his debates with Edward C. Tolman. He is also known for his work in drive theory. He is perhaps best known for the “goal gradient” effect or hypothesis, wherein organisms spend disproportionate amounts of effort in the final stages of attainment of the object of drives.
Clark L Hull
American psychologist he founded what is now a branch of psychology known as purposive behaviorism, also promoted the concept known as latent learning first coined by Blodgett (1929). Book “Cognitive Maps in Rats and Men” suggests we develop cognitive maps while we go about daily life.
Edward Tolman
South African psychiatrist and one of the most influential figures in behavior therapy and was entrusted to treat soldiers who were diagnosed with what was then called “war neurosis” but today is known as post traumatic stress disorder. Most well known for his reciprocal inhibition techniques, particularly systematic desensitization, which revolutionized behavioral therapy.
Joseph Wolpe
Born in Cordoba 1126, Andalusian polymath, his philosophical works include numerous commentaries on Aristotle, for which he was known in the Western world as The Commentator and Father of Rationalism. In medicine, he proposed a new theory of stroke, described the signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease for the first time, and might have been the first to identify the retina as the part of the eye responsible for sensing light. His medical book Al-Kulliyat fi al-Tibb, translated into Latin and known as the Colliget, became a textbook in Europe for centuries.
Ibn Rushd (AVERROES)
Born near Seville, Spain in 11th century an Arab physician, surgeon, and poet, performed the first experimental tracheotomy on a goat. He is thought to have made the earliest description of bezoar stones as medicinal items. Major work: Book of Simplification Concerning Therapeutics and Diet.
Ibn Zuhr (AVENZOAR)
English psychologist known for work in statistics, his theory that disparate cognitive test scores reflect a single general intelligence factor and coining the term g factor.
Charles Spearman
American psychiatrist is regarded as the father of cognitive therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Also developed self-report measures for depression and anxiety, notably the ____ Depression Inventory (BDI).
Aaron Beck
His theory of learned helplessness is popular among scientific and clinical psychologists. American psychologist born 1942.
Martin SELIGMAN
He is known as the originator of social learning theory, social cognitive theory, and the theoretical construct of self-efficacy, and is also responsible for the influential 1961 Bobo doll experiment. Born 1925 Canada.
Albert BANDURA
Spanish neuroscientist, pathologist, and histologist specializing in neuroanatomy and the central nervous system. He and Camillo Golgi received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1906. Developed theory that body nervous system is made up of cells later called neurons.
Santiago Ramon y Cajal
1907 London: British psychologist, psychiatrist, and psychoanalyst, notable for his interest in child development and for his pioneering work in attachment theory. three now classic papers: “The Nature of the Child’s Tie to His Mother” (1958), “Separation Anxiety” (1959), and “Grief and Mourning in Infancy and Early Childhood” (1960). Mountain in Krygyzstan named after him.
John BOWLBY
Which psychologist coined introvert and extrovert?
Carl Jung
an Austrian medical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of individual psychology. He proposed that contributing to others (social interest or Gemeinschaftsgefühl) was how the individual feels a sense of worth and belonging in the family and society. His earlier work focused on inferiority,[3] coining the term inferiority complex, an isolating element which he argued plays a key role in personality development.
Alfred ADLER
Who wrote The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defence in 1936? Alongside Hermine Hug-Hellmuth and Melanie Klein, she may be considered the founder of psychoanalytic child psychology.
Anna Freud
Her book, A Young Girl’s Diary (1921) endorsed by Freud, She became a member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society from 1913 to 1924 but was murdered by her nephew, on 9 September 1924. She is regarded as the first psychoanalyst practicing with children and the first to conceptualize the technique of psychoanalysing children.
Hermine Hug-Hellmuth
Austrian-British author and psychoanalyst known for her work in child analysis. She was the primary figure in the development of object relations theory. Coined term REPARATION (making mental repairs to a damaged world).
Melanie KLEIN
German psychoanalyst who practiced in the United States during her later career. Her theories questioned some traditional Freudian views. This was particularly true of her theories of sexuality and of the instinct orientation of psychoanalysis. Founded feminist psychology in response to Freud penis envy. Theory of neurosis and gave ten neurotic needs.
Karen HORNEY
German-American psychologist who was German Jew who fled Nazi regime, wrote The Fear of Freedom (alt title Escape from Freedom).
Erich Fromm
Which German philosopher wrote Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud (1955), title alludes to Freud’s Civilisation and Its Discontents, attempts a synthesis of theories of Marx and Freud. He also did One-Dimensional Man (1964).
Herbert Marcuse
The 2022 novel “The Guest” is about a 22-year-old escort who gets kicked out of a party by the much older man she’s staying with. She then adopts false identities in an attempt to regain access to high society. It is the second book by what American author who also wrote 2016’s “The Girls”?
Emma CLINE
A classic tip for making tomato sauce is to add what herb from a laurel plant? Be careful to remove it before blending or serving though; it’s not edible!
BAY LEAF
Which first NASA space station was launched into orbit in May 1973? It was occupied for about 24 weeks over three missions by astronauts carrying out experiments there, then abandoned. It reentered the earth’s atmosphere in July 1979 due to a decaying orbit.
SKYLAB
What occupation appears in the English titles of the 1997 debut film from Jia Zhangke and a 1959 Robert Bresson film? Bresson’s includes scenes of Martin LaSalle as title character Michel practicing in a bar and at work with his crew in a Paris train station.
Pickpocket
Opened in 2000, the Lótus Bridge is a 6-lane bridge that connects China to the special autonomous region of Macau. The bridge’s unique looping design was created to solve what specific problem at the border?
Drive on Different Sides
The fast-food chain known as Carl’s Jr. on the West Coast is known by what name in most of the Midwest and Southern U.S.? Since they merged in 1997, these brands have gradually moved toward similar menu offerings and visual branding
HARDEE’S
The abolitionist Martin Delany was one the three African Americans admitted to Harvard Medical School in 1850 before white students protested and they were asked to leave. He had previously copublished which newspaper with Frederick Douglass?
The North Star
Which wrestler won the 2018 Men’s Royal Rumble? The King of Strong Style, he got his start in New Japan Pro Wrestling and is known stateside for his dynamic entrance accompanied by his iconic violinfilled theme music.
Shinsuke NAKAMURA
In 1954, the Robbers Cave summer camp experiment was an early attempt to study the development of conflict in intergroup relations. It was run by a husband-and-wife team of psychologists with what surname?
Muzafer and Carolyn Wood SHERIF
In 2021, the MGM executive George Kliavkoff oversaw the sale of which WNBA franchise to Mark Davis for an obscenely low $2 million? Just two years later, the Seattle Storm were valued at $151 million, and this team won the 2023 WNBA Finals. Team name required.
Las Vegas ACES
The first instance of a photorealistic CGI character in a feature film was a stained-glass knight in a 1985 movie. The film starred Nicholas Rowe as a “Young” version of what literary character who has been a movie mainstay since the Silent era?
Sherlock HOLMES
Which grassland swamp on the Nile is one of the world’s largest wetlands? It has been difficult to transport construction materials to Ramciel, the planned future capital of South Sudan, because it is near this dense swamp.
SUDD
Administrative centre and capital of Palestine is what?
Ramallah
Which Tamil kingdom, based in the north of modern-day Sri Lanka, was a major economic and cultural power in the 14th century? It shares its name with the large peninsula in northern Sri Lanka.
JAFFNA Kingdom
Which type of ear piercing, created by Erik Dakota in the 1990s, involves a straight barbell passing through either side of the upper ear cartilage, requiring two piercings? In the UK, this piercing would also be known as a scaffold piercing
INDUSTRIAL
In ice hockey, which minor offence can involve a player coming into contact with the opposing goalie to impede the goalie’s movement? The referee signals this penalty by crossing their arms to form an X in front of their chest.
Goalie INTERFERENCE
Martin Delany also published articles in which other abolitionist newspaper founded by William Lloyd Garrison? Many early editions of this paper covered reactions to David Walker’s “Appeal.”
The LIBERATOR
