Psychology Self-esteem: Low self-esteem paragraph Flashcards
Opening 3 lines of paragraph? (1 ref)
Everyone has SE at different levels
A reflection of central negative beliefs about the self (Fennell, 2005)
LSE involves an emotionally unstable person
LSE associated with what? (1 ref). Therefore, what??
LSE associated with many forms of mental illness and also poor health behaviours (Fox, 1999)
Therefore; regarded as both an indicator of well-being and as a marker for recovery
Fennell (2001) wrote?
There are variations in role and status of LSE - LSE can be aspect of current problems, consequence of other problems, vulnerability for other problems
But firstly, practitioner must be able to…
Identify person with LSE
Two factors to look for?
On the person:
- Emotions
- Sensitive to criticism
- Criticising thoughts/statements about the self
- Lack of sleep
- Self-handicapping
On life:
- Work
- Relationships
- Leisure activities
- Self-care
- All neglected if have LSE
4 negative consequences of LSE?
1) Teenage pregnancy
2) Poor education achievement
3) Mental illness
4) Suicide/self-harm
All because someone feels they are not worthy
Link between LSE and depression?
Generally undisputed link between the two (Sowislo & Orth, 2013)
Although, there is a need to distinguish between the two constructs – although feelings of worthlessness are a symptom of depressive disorders, they are neither sufficient nor a necessary criterion
How to measure SE?
Global - multi-item scales, including Rosenberg self-esteem scale (Rosenberg, 1965)
RSE regarded as having good internal consistency and test-retest ability
Domain-specific - e.g. self-description questionnaire
Must use subjective measures rather than objective, as it is a subjective construct
Why are objective measures bad to use for SE?
Tests using objective measures have been shown to have low reliability and low convergent validity with each other - and may measure implicit egotism rather than SE
