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Psychology of Human Development > Psychology of Human Development Chapter 5 - LECTURE > Flashcards

Psychology of Human Development Chapter 5 - LECTURE Flashcards

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1
Q

Developmental Tasks of Infancy

A

Senses - hearing, vision, taste, smell, touch
Control and Direct Movement - eyes, head, fingers, arms
Reflexes
Natural Categorization of objects

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2
Q

Transient Exuberance

A

great increase of the number of neurons in the first two years of life

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3
Q

habituation

A

decrease in response to a repeated stimulus (getting used to something)

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4
Q

Sensorimotor Adaptation

A

the ability to adjust our behavior to changing environmental or internal demands to maintain appropriate, goal-directed, motor performance

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5
Q

Information Processing

A

Attention, processing speed, memory, representational skills

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6
Q

Infancy

A

Comes after the prenatal developmental period. Starting immediately after birth and goes until about 24 months

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7
Q

The average weight of an infant

A

7.0-7.5 pounds

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8
Q

parameters of low birth weight

A

under 5lbs (SGA)

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9
Q

APGAR Score

A

evaluation of infants’ health that ranges from 0-10 and has 2 points, in 5 dimesions

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10
Q

Dimensions being measured in APGAR Test

A

Appearance - skin color
Pulse - >100bpm
Grimace - sneezes, coughs, or loud cry
Activity - active muscle tone
Respiration - good crying

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11
Q

communicative developmental tasks of infancy

A

language perception
babbling
gestures
Holophrases

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12
Q

Attachment developmental tasks in infancy

A

Development of attachment
Stranger Anxiety (6 mo.)
Separation Anxiety (9mo.)
Ainsworth Attachment Styles (strange situations)

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13
Q

Types of attachments

A

Secure
Avoidant
Resistant
Disorganized

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14
Q

Secure

A

the infant has a bond that meets a child’s need for security, calm, and understanding

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15
Q

avoidant

A

the infant after the caregiver comes back from being separated is very hesitant to come back into contact with the caregiver

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16
Q

resistant

A

the infant is in distress even once the caregiver returns and is extremely hesitant and uneasy to calm

17
Q

disorganized

A

there is no organized pattern to help the infant’s emotional distress. The caregiver cannot soothe the infant and there is no pattern to solution of the emotional distress

18
Q

Emotional Regulation

A

the ability to control one’s emotional state

19
Q

Temperament

A

way of reacting to a person, object or situations that can be influenced by the environment

20
Q

Intersubjectivity

A

the relation between people’s cognitive perspective’s (in this chapter it is between the caregiver and the infant)

21
Q

Social Referencing

A

looking to an individual (the caregiver’s) behavior or attitude toward an object and basing their own behavior or reaction towards the same object

22
Q

Psychosocial Crisis

A

development of the thinking and evaluation “Can I Trust Them”

23
Q

Trust

A

Subjective appraisal of availability, dependability, and sensitivity of caregivers

24
Q

oxytocin

A

plays a key role in social attachment and produces calm relaxation, increases in approach behavior, reduces wariness

25
Q

Mistrust

A

lack of confidence in a caregiver, doubting one’s own love-ableness withdrawing from interactions

26
Q

Mistrust can be caused by. . .

A

inconsistent caregiving
Repeated exposure to anger and hostile behavior
exposure to threats

27
Q

mutuality with caregiver

A

built on consistency with the caregiver that appropriately responds to the infant’s needs

28
Q

Hopefulness

A

Facilitated by trust and the ability to think of multiple paths towards achieving goals and believing in one’s ability to move along that path.

29
Q

withdrawal

A

Show evidence of passivity, lethargy, and neutral or negative affect.
Not readily involved in social interaction
Lack normal self-directed exploration
Lower threshold for pain

30
Q

contributing factors to withdrawal

A

Disrupted mother-infant interaction
Violent parental interactions
Lack of responsive caregiving
Infant social withdrawal

Psychology of Human Development (4 decks)

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