psychology-memory Flashcards

Question

what are the strengths of the WMM?

Answer 1

it is a better explanation of the STM the MSM, PET scan show the STM to be different components, multitasking is enabled because Letter F task which show you can use auditory and visual

Answer 2

central executive is too vague(EVR temporal lobe is removed because of a tumour and the CE is used in different areas of its jobs), studying people with brain damage makes it difficult to generalise findings

Answer 3

loss of ability to recall or recognise something that they had previously learnt

Answer 4

previous learning prevents recall of more recent events information

Answer 5

new learning prevents recall of previous information learnt

Answer 6

you learn list A paired with list B(cat-door) and then you learn list A paired with list C (cat-computer). Then you are asked to recall one of the paired lists and you recall is recorded.

Answer 7

an explanation of forgetting because of an absence of cues

Answer 8

Tulving and Thomson

Answer 9

forgetting occurs when there is a poor match of fit between the information contained in the memory trace and the cues available at the time of attempted retrieval.

Answer 10

external and internal

Answer 11

explicit cues linked to learning material, environmental context

Answer 12

emotional or physiological state

Answer 13

evidence given by a witness to a significant event

Answer 14

misleading information, post event discussion and anxiety

Answer 15

usually takes the form of a question or a statement to an eyewitness that wrongly implies that something has happened when it didn't

Answer 16

to test the effects of leading questions participants were showed a film of events that lead to a car crash, they were separated into a control group who were asked questions in line with the stimulus they had seen and the experimental group who had other questions. 17% from the experimental group reported seeing a barn(they didn't), whereas 3% of the control group thought they saw a barn

Answer 17

participants were shown slides of a large red purse from a handbag. An immediate recall test proved 98% accuracy for the colour of the purse. They were then asked to read an account from a 'professor of psychology' one of the accounts contained incorrect info. in the second recall test all but two resisted the blatantly wrong information of the purse being brown. this suggests that particularly noticeable information will rarely be mistaken

Answer 18

A question that is worded in such a way that it might bias how a respondent answers

Answer 19

Participants were shown a film leading up to a car crash. They were then asked a question of how fast were the cars going when they hit, bumped smashed, bumped, collided or contacted. They found that the more impactful the verb the higher the estimated speed

Answer 20

a conversation between co-witnesses or a interviewer and an eyewitness after a crime has taken place which could contaminate a witnesses memory of the event

Answer 21

participants were paired up but individually watched a film about a either girl stealing money from a wallet or a similar film without the theft. the witnesses were led to believe they had watched the same film as their co-witness. They were paired back together and discussed the film, and then completed a questionnaire independently and they found 71% of witnesses recalled information they hadn't seen

Answer 22

a package of information about something that is built up through our experience of the world

Answer 23

we tend to ignore aspects that do not fit the currently activated schema

Answer 24

participants were told to sit in a waiting room, they overheard a staged argument and a man ran out with either a pen covered in grease or a blood stained knife. those who had witnessed the man holding the pen accurately identified the person 49% of the time, those who saw the blood stained knife accurately identified the man 33% of the time. this has been linked to the weapon focus theory

Answer 25

witnesses focus their attention to the weapon and this distracts the attention form the appearance of the perpetrator

Answer 26

participants watched a violent or non-violent film of a crime. those who saw the violent version in which a boy was sot in the face were less accurate in recalling information about a crime

Answer 27

an armed thief tried to steal from a gun shop in Vancouver Canada. a real life shooting occurred where the thief was shot dead. Witnesses were interviewed by the police at the time of the crime. several months later some of the witnesses were interviewed where they were introduced to misleading information however the witnesses weren't affected by misleading information

Answer 28

they obtained 58 testimonies of witnesses who had witnessed bank robberies. victims who were directly involved were more accurate in their recall and remembered details about what the robbers wore and their behaviour and the weapons they used and the bystanders . this was tested 15 months later so they found high accuracy in EWT over an extended time period