Psychology Key Terms Flashcards
Recidivism
(reoffending) a tendency to relapse into a pervious behaviour.
Custodial Sentencing
a custodial sentence given by the court where the offender is punished by serving time in prison
Extroversion
individuals towards the extrovert end of this dimension tend to be sociable, impulsive and assertive and simulation seekers
Atavistic
a person who is less developed physically by evolution
Optimism
hopefulness and confidence about the future or the success of something
Self actualisation
the complete realisation of one’s potential and the full development of one’s abilities and appreciation for life
Cognition
an internal activity whereby the brain processes information
Schema
a mental framework of beliefs and expectations developed from experience
Faulty thinking
inaccurate thoughts are usually used to reinforce negative emotions or thinking
Dark Figure of Crime
all the crimes that happen that are not represented by the official statistics
Operant Conditioning
a method of learning that employs rewards and punishment for behaviour
Deindividuation
a loss of individual identity and personal responsibility
Learned Helplessness
a person learns that their attempts to escape negative situations make no difference
Official Crime Statistics
government records if numbers of crimes reported to the police and recorded in official figures
