Psychology Chapter 4 Flashcards
A researcher presents two lights of varying brightness to a subject who is asked to respond as to whether they are the same or different by comparing their intensities. The researcher is seeking the __________ threshold.
difference
You go into your son’s or brother’s room, only to be met with a combination of smells, including day-old pizza, wet towels, and gym shoes. He seems unconcerned with the putrid odors. When you ask how he can stand the stench of his “pig sty,” he replies that he does not smell anything because of __________. (Well, at least he’s listening in psychology class.)
sensory adaptation
Saturated or pure hues are produced by which type of wavelengths?
narrow band
The presence of which of the following parts of the retina shows that vision depends greatly on the visual cortex of the brain actively filling in the gap with patterns from surrounding areas?
blind spot
People, such as pilots, who have to move quickly from lighted surroundings to night darkness use red light illumination. This is because
the rods are insensitive to red light.
Which theory of color vision explains that coding one color in a pair, such as red, seems to block the other color, green, from coming through; thus, making it impossible to see a reddish green color?
opponent-process
Amplitude is to loudness as frequency is to
pitch.
Regarding hearing loss, which of the following statements is FALSE?
Noise-induced hearing loss is a type of conductive loss.
The differing smell qualities are
the result of molecules activating different combinations of odor receptors.
Regarding the gate control theory and acupuncture, which of the following statements is FALSE?
The acupuncture needles activate the large, fast nerve fibers and close the spinal gate directly.
Being in a heaving, pitching boat, car, or airplane can cause motion sickness because of a serious mismatch of information from which three sensory systems?
visual, kinesthetic, and vestibular systems
WHY [capitalization] do the contrasts [italics] in this sentence draw attention [bold]?
They are unexpected.
In the Ames room, people appear to grow larger or smaller as they walk from one side of the room to the other because
the observer’s perceptual construction of the room is based on the assumption that the room is square.
When you look at the Rubin vase, you see either a vase or two faces. This tendency to organize our perception into one or the other of these perceptions is an example of ______.
top-down processing
Even though the retinal image of the desk you are looking at changes as you view the desk from different angles, your perception of the desk does not change. This is due to
shape constancy.
Research conducted by Chua, Boland, and Nisbett found that American participants tended to focus on the figure within a scene, while the Chinese participants focused on the background. They concluded that the Chinese tend to have a
broader focus of attention.
Regarding the Müller-Lyer illusion, which of the following statements is FALSE?
The San bushmen, who live in a “round” culture, experience this illusion in exactly the same way as Americans, who live in a “square” culture.
The ability to identify the direction from which a sound originates is strongly dependent on having two ears separated in space by several inches. The ability to perceive visual depth is related to a similar property known as
retinal disparity.
You look through an old photographic slide-viewer toy, which creates the impression of seeing a three-dimensional scene by one photograph of the scene being displayed to one eye and a slightly different view of this scene being presented to the other eye. When these two images are fused into one overall image, which of the following occurs?
stereoscopic vision
According to Aamodt, which of the following should one be aware of when listening to others?
Do not be distracted by the speaker’s mannerisms, hair, or accent.
