Psychology-aspects Of Personality And Attitudes Flashcards

1
Q

What does trait mean?

A

A stable and inherited characteristic

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2
Q

What does personality mean?

A

A persons unique psychological make up

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3
Q

What does the trait theory of personality suggest?

A

Suggest that personality is innate and stable. This means that they are either introverted or extroverted

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4
Q

What is a extrovert like?

A

Sociable, active, team member, team leader, talkative

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5
Q

What is an introvert like?

A

Quite, reserved, shy, individual sports

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6
Q

Describe the social learning theory of personality

A

Suggests that behaviour is learned from significant others through socialisation. Behaviour is most likely to be copied if it is reinforced.

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7
Q

What is the process of social learning?

A

Observe—identify—reinforce—copy

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8
Q

What is the interactionist perspective?

A

A persons statute are used and adapted in certain situations, this means that behaviour is adapted to situations

B=F(P x E) means that behaviour is a function of the environment, meaning traits are used and adapted to the situation

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9
Q

What does Hollander say the personality is made up of?

HINT: 3 features

A

Core of the performer- values and beliefs of individual

Typical responses- how they usually act in situations

Role related behaviour- how they adapt themselves in situations where they need to act in a certain way

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10
Q

What does attitude mean?

A

Ideas charged with emotion that produce specific behaviour to a specific situation

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11
Q

What are the 3 parts of an attitude?

HINT- CAB

A

Cognitive- your thoughts
Affective- your feelings
Behavioural- your actions

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12
Q

What makes a positive attitude form?

A
  • learned from enjoyable experiences
  • learned from beliefs
  • learned from significant others
  • learned from conditions behaviour
  • familiarisation
  • learned from role models
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13
Q

What is cognitive dissonance?

A

A challenge to existing beliefs causing unease and disharmony to an individual.
This creates motivation to change attitudes

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14
Q

What does persuasive communication mean?

A

Communication to promote change

This has to be fun and give the individual options and a choice

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15
Q

What’s the two aspects to changing an attitude?

A

Cognitive dissonance
and
Persuasive communication

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16
Q

Anxiety

A

A negative aspect of stress

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17
Q

2 types of anxiety

A

Trait and state

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18
Q

Trait anxiety

A

Personality
Consistent
Stable
Worrying before ALL games

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19
Q

State anxiety

A

Situation dependants
Temporary
Threat

20
Q

Anxiety can be

A

Somatic

Cognitive

21
Q

Somatic anxiety

A

Physical
Muscular tension
Hr increase
Sweating

22
Q

Cognitive anxiety

A
Psychology 
Irrational thinking 
Worrying 
Confusion 
Belief about ability
23
Q

Somatic

A

Inverted u

24
Q

Cognitive

A

Negative linear

25
Anxiety and time to competition
Anxious before competition | Methods to control it can be used
26
Questionaires
Quick cheep easy Allows comparison Biased answers Not understand question
27
Observations
True to life May act different if know being watched Need more than one observer Time consuming Need to know person
28
Physiological measures
Factual Comparisons Can be judged while games in motion Training required to use/learn technology Restrict full movement or injure If they are aware=more stress/act different
29
Define aggression
Intent to harm outside of the rules; hostile behaviour and reactive (frustration)
30
Define assertion
Well motivated behaviour with in the rules (controlled)
31
What are the 4 theories of aggression? | ASIF
Aggressive cue hypothesis Social learning theory Instinct theory Frustration aggressive hypothesis
32
Describe intrinsic theory of aggression
Aggression is spontaneous and innate Product of evolution and will service under provocation when defending territorial. Home pitch! Players use sport as an outlet of built up aggressive energy. Catharsis
33
Define catharsis
Cleansing of emotions using sport as an outlet for aggression
34
Define Frustration aggressive hypothesis
Frustration is inevitable when goals are blocked by a frustrating circumstance If frustration is released=catharsis=repeat If frustration isn’t=more frustration If frustration is released=Punished=more aggression
35
Define aggression cue hypothesis
Suggests that aggression is caused by a learned trigger Aggression only occurs if a learned ‘cue’ is present ``` Examples: Sporting away venues Others Remain of title A coach telling a player to push others slyly ```
36
Define Social learning theory
Learning by associating with others and copying behaviour Aggression is learned from experiences, coaches, role models and significant others It will be copied if it looks successful or reinforced well Observe-identity-reinforce-copy
37
Define aggression
Intent to harm outside of the rules;hostile behaviour
38
Define assertion
Well motivated behaviour within the rules
39
Name the 4 theories of aggression | ASIF
Aggressive cue hypothesis Social learning theory Instinct theory Frustration aggression hypothesis
40
Define catharsis
Cleansing the emotions using sports as an outlet for aggression
41
Define motivation
The drive to succeed
42
4 types of motivation
Intrinsic Extrinsic Tangible Intangible
43
How do you motivate?
A coach should combine intrinsic and extrinsic motivation Rewards early on like player of the week Painting out health benefits Breaking skull down, allowing success at each point
44
Define cohesion
The tendency for individuals to work together to achieve their goals, the forces that keep the group members on task
45
Define task cohesion
Individuals working together to achieve an end result
46
Define Social cohesion
Individuals relating to each other to interact with the group
47
What is steiners model of team performance
Actual productivity= potential productivity - losses due to faulty processes