Psychology as a science Flashcards
Falsifiability (Karl Popper)
- Starts with theories which are subject to scrutiny
- If the evidence doesn’t support our theory we re-formulate it
- If the evidence supports our theor we regard it as UNDEFEATED theory and not a FACT
Bayesianism
Beliefs come in degrees
- The likelihood of events can be expressed on the basis of past knowledge
-We can revise probability predicitons when new evidence supports or rejects our theory
- Provides a measure of a state of knowledge
- KEY PRINCIPLE IN STATISTICS
Hypothetico- Deductive Method
Obseration
Refine or abandon theory if hypothesis is not supported + Intuiton = Thoery - Hypotheses- Empirical test-results if suppored uphold hypothesis as UNDEFEATED
Open Science
Refers to a set of research practices:
reproducibility - If we have the same data and perform the same analyses do we get the same results
Replicability- if we repeat the experiemtn with the same methods, do we get the same results?
Preregistration
Reserachers submit plans for the specific research Qs they wish to ask
- Confirmatory research - confiming hypotheses or research Qs
- Exploratory research - focuses on generating hypotheses or research
Pre-registration promotes purely CONFIRMATORY research and reduces the risk of false positive results
Replication Reserach
The process of repeating research to verify findings
Quantative reserach approaches
Descriptive - describe behaviour or phenomena
Relational - predicts a behaviour or phenomena
Experimental - determines the cause of a behaviour or phenomena
Direct replications
- reproduce the elements that produced the original findings ( assess whether similar findings are produced in subsequent attempts)
Conceptual replications
change at least one aspect of the original procedure (ex: sample used or measures taken) - assess whether similar findings are produced under different conditions
