Psychology Flashcards
What is the definition of Health Psychology?
The field is devoted to understanding th psychological infludence on health and illness and people’s behaviors in response to illness.
What are the goals of Health Psychology?
- To promote and maintain health (e.g. stop smoking, buckle belts).
- To prevent and treat illness (e.g. reduce HIgh BP).
- To focus on cause and detection of illness: influence of personality, cognitive processes.
- To improve the health care system / health policy.
Give examples of illness that are related to Psychological / Behavioral factors:
What are the features of Quantitative Studies in Psychology? (4)
What are the features of Qualitative Studies in Psychology? (5)
Other then Quantitative and Qualitative, what other ways we have to categorize the different types of research methods we have in psychology?
What are the clinical activities health psychologists use to contribute to understanding health and illness?
Health psychologists research examine:
Health psychology research examines:
- The causes and development of illness.
- Methods to help individuals develop healthy lifestyle to promote good health and prevent illness,
- The treatment people get for their medical problems.
- The effectiveness with which people cope with stress and pain.
- Biopsychosocial connections with immune functioning.
- Factors in the recovery, rehabilitation, and psychosocial
adjustment of patients with serious health problems.
Samples of research findings in health psychology (slide 1):
Samples of research findings in health psychology (slide 2):
Clinical empathy is the ability to: (3)
How clinical empathy is different than sympathy?
Sympathy means feeling sorry for, or angry on behalf of someone, as a result of obeserving their emotional/situational difficulties, and approving of their actons. Thus, it implies friendship, agreement or alliance.
Empathy puts you in a position where you can understand the situation without taking a stand or passing a judgment, follwing by taking action without breaking professional boudnries.
What are the two types of empathies?
Define verbal vs. non-verbal behaviors of empathy in the clinic
How empathy can benefit clinical practice?
When it is hard to show empathy, what would be an easy solution to practice it cognitively?
A benefit of emapathy was shown in quality of treatment.
In times where emapthy is harder to show (for several reason, either due to distance or due to experiencing relatedness or because you are not sure what to say), you should reflect.
What is the theory of Health Belief Model asserts?
What are its pros? What are its cons?
Pros:
- Allows comparison of different influences on health behaviors.
- Identifies importance of barrieres to behavior change.
Cons:
- Threat doesn’t predict behavior change (smoking, drinking).
- Leaves out emotions, habit, social norms motivations for behavior change.
- People tend to underestimate their chances to be involved in negative events which makes it harder to use the theory as predictive.
- Does not define how to test realtinship between different elements in the model.
What is the Theory of Planned Behavior?
What are its pros and cons?
Pros:
- Intentions predicts some behaviors.
Highllights social norms.
- Pereived control often the most important factor.
Cons: It does not adequatly addresses-
- Mostly, intetions do not predice behavior.
- Pas behavior is a better predictor.
- Environmental influence.
- Social support
- Habits
- Culture
- Religion
What is Transtheoretical Model of behavior change?
What are the Transetheoretical Pros and Cons?
Pros:
- Intuitively appealing model which is popular in practice.
- Predicts change in some behaviors.
- Broad and has identified many useful processes involved in behavior change.
What are the Cognitive Disonance steps? Use those steps to explain the following example: You don’t approve of cheating at exams but you did so at the last one.
- Change your beliefs.
- Change your actions.
- Change perceptin of actions.
What is the mechanism of PRIME theory?
