Psychology Flashcards
Define Mental Health
A state of well being in which every individual realises his or her own potential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and is able to make a contribution to his or her community
Define Well being
the balance point between an individuals resource pool and challenges face
What is Hedonic Wellbeing
Subjective
Emotional aspect if well being, moods joy, pleasure and absence of negative moods
What is Eudemonic well being
Psychological
Cognitive well being
purpose in life, mastery, autonomy, self acceptance
Symptoms of despression
Prolonged low mood
low self esteem
Anxiety, fear
Suicidal thoughts
Risk factors for depression
childhood experiences life events illness physical health problem genetic disposition sleep, diet, PA medication, drugs, alcohol
Symptoms of Bipolar disorder
Manic or depressive episodes
euphoric wellbeing, excitement, confidence
Depressive episodes
Risk factors for Bipolar
Childhood experiences life events illness physical health problem genetic disposition
Symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder
Cognitive: restlessness, worried scared, on edge, lack of concentration
Somatic: dizziness. tiredness, muscle aches, dry mouth, sickness, headaches
Risk factors for generalized anxiety disorder
Phobias
panic disorder
life and stressful event
Are PA and sedentary behavior modifiable risk factors for mental health and wellbeing
yes, with the higher the MET the higher the effect
What is the major case study on the impact of PA on mental health
MIND - Get Set and Go
What are the objectives of the Get Set and Go programme
To engage individuals with MHC in sport and exercise
How is the Get Set and Go programme delivered
Local and digital delivery
8 MIND charities spread across the country
Sports coordinator to set up sports
recruit peer navigators
What was the impact of PA on mental health in the MIND case study?
Increase in mental health with social support
Does PA have a impact on neurophysiological function
Yes, both direct and indirectly
Which neurotransmitters are influenced by PA?
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine
What is the papez circuit?
A closed neural circuitry that is part of the limbic system
Where does the papez circuit start and end?
In the hippocampus
Where does part of the papez circuit lie?
Medial temporal lobe
What is the hippocampus?
A small organ located within the brain’s medial temporal lobe and forms an important part of the limbic system, the region that regulates emotions.
What is the limbic system responsible for?*
- learning and memory
- emotional aspects of behaviour
Where is the limbic system?*
The main limbic lobe spans frontal, parietal and temporal lobes, on medial surface of the brain
Which part of the brain is most sensitive to PA?
Hippocampus
How do PA effect the hippocampus?
Increased blood flow
How does increased blood flow effect the brain?
Causes an increase or decrease in gene expression
What do the genes in your brain influence? And what does this mean?
Synaptic function and neuroplasticity meaning the brains ability to recover, develop and learn is increased
How does PA impact mental health?
through the expression of genes as it modulates mood so influences the structure and function of the hippocampus
What does BNDF stand for and what is it?
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
A neural sub type in the hippocampus
What does BDNF do?
Protects the hippocampus from damage and enhances function
Can BDNF travel in both directions along neurones?
Yes
What does an increase in BDNF do?
Less nerual damage is done and increased funtion so reduced risk of mental health and wellbeing issues
What is neurogenesis?
The process by which new neurons are formed in the brain by neural stem cells differentiating. They become either neurones or glia
Where does neurogenesis occur?
The hippocampus
What is neurogenesis needed for?
optimal brain function and repairing damage
What hormone modulates hippocampal neurogenesis?
B- endorphine
What else and neurogenesis be influenced by?
Environmental factors
eg lifestyle with low stress
What can inhibit neurogensis?
Chronic stress
What happens when stress is chronic
A neurological response occurs eg cortisol
What are progenitor cells?*
specialised cells that differentiate into specific types of neurons
What are glia cells?*
non-neuronal cells
What is the difference between progenitor and glia cells?*
Neurons have axons and dendrites.
glia cannot generate action potentials
