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0. PANCE Review > Psychology > Flashcards

Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

How long does a panic attack typically last?

A

10-20 minutes

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2
Q

What type of hallucinations are most common in schizophrenia auditory, visual or olfactory?

A

Auditory - hearing voices

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3
Q

What causes anorexic patients to have osteopenia?

A

A decrease in estrogen

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4
Q

When treating psychiatric patients are benzodiazepines used more commonly for acute or chronic treatment?

A

Acute

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5
Q

What is the most common precipitating event for posttraumatic stress disorder in women?

A

Rape

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6
Q

A patient’s wife complains that he is hypervigilant and has a hyperstartle response. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Posttraumatic stress disorder

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7
Q

Are patients with specific phobias aware they are strange?

A

Yes

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8
Q

A patient complains of having suddenly developed stage fright. It is very important to his career that he be able to speak in front of groups. What medication might you treat him with?

A

Beta blocker - propranolol

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9
Q

A doughnut shaped burn should make you think of what issue?

A

Abuse either child or elder

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10
Q

What is the generic name for Prozac?

A

Fluoxetine

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11
Q

How long must symptoms last before diagnosing ADD?

A

6 months

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12
Q

A patient’s mother has recommended that he see you. He lives on his own and is a computer programmer. He works from home. He has no friends and seldom leaves the house. She is concerned that clearly he would like to meet people, but he is terrified of doing so. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Avoidant personality disorder

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13
Q

A 6 year old boy seems to have all of the symptoms of ADD while at school, but at home he has no problems. Does he have ADD?

A

No, symptoms must occur in both settings for diagnosis.

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14
Q

An 18 month old is not yet speaking. He does not point to objects. He does not make eye contact with others. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Autism

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15
Q

List three positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

A

Hallucinations, delusions, movement disorders

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16
Q

When is the typical onset of Tourette’s syndrome?

A

3-8 years old

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17
Q

Is anorexia egosyntonic or ego-dystonic? What about bulimia?

A

Anorexia is egosyntonic. Bulimia is ego-dystonic.

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18
Q

List the three cluster A personality disorders.

A

“Mad” schizoid, schizotypal and paranoid

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19
Q

Amenorrhea is defined by what time frame?

A

3 months if periods were previously regular and 6 months if they were irregular.

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20
Q

A 16 year old has just moved schools. He is quiet, moody and not like himself at all. Within six months he seems to have completely changed back to his previous personality. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Adjustment disorder

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21
Q

You have a patient with major depressive disorder. Once his symptoms have completely resolved how long should you continue with treatment?

A

A six month minimum is recomended due to very high relapse rates.

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22
Q

What medication is often used to treat postpartum depression in a woman who is breast feeding?

A

Sertraline (Zoloft)

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23
Q

A patient has very strange magical thinking. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Schizotypal personality disorder

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24
Q

List four symptoms of serotonin syndrome.

A

Hyperthermia!, seizure, mental status change, tremor

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25
Q

What is the term for a chronic mild depression which has lasted greater than two years?

A

Dysthymia

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26
Q

What is necessary to diagnose a patient with bipolar 1?

A

One manic episode. They do not have to have the depressive episode for the diagnosis.

27
Q

What is the major concern with using lithium?

A

It has a very narrow therapeutic window. Blood tests are needed every four weeks.

28
Q

A patient believes that her 15 year old daughter is sleeping with the mailman. She has no evidence of this. She has confronted her daughter who denies it. It is not interfering with her daily activities, but she does spend time thinking about it. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Delusional disorder

29
Q

At what BMI should a patient be hospitalized for anorexia?

A

BMI of <17.5 or 20% below appropriate body weight

30
Q

What is the term for being afraid of being out in a terrible situation with no help available?

A

Agoraphobia

31
Q

Borderline personality disorder is on the border of what two psychological disorders?

A

Neurosis and psychosis

32
Q

Waxy flexibility should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Catatonic schizophrenia

33
Q

How long before normal grief resolves?

A

About one year

34
Q

A patient of yours always craves attention, often using sex as a tool to gain it. She often acts like a child when she does not get her way? What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Histrionic personality disorder

35
Q

To be diagnosed with ADD patients must exhibit symptoms before what age?

A

7 years old

36
Q

What is Russell’s sign?

A

Abraded knuckles from forcing oneself to vomit.

37
Q

How long must symptoms occur before diagnosing schizophrenia?

A

At least six months

38
Q

Posturing should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Catatonic depression

39
Q

A patient complains of acute paralysis in his left arm. This does not seem to bother him, but his wife made him come in. There was no traumatic event. A complete neurologic workup is negative. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Conversion disorder

40
Q

A psychiatric patient presents with confusion, fever and lead pipe rigidity. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, this can occur with high dose antipsychotics.

41
Q

A patient is very concerned that she has breast cancer. In order to reassure her you perform a full workup which is negative. She is still unsatisfied and convinced that she has breast cancer. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Hypochondriasis

42
Q

What is the time frame for the first symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol?

A

Tremor in 8-18 hrs

43
Q

How do you treat alcohol withdrawal?

A

Benzodiazepines

44
Q

List the four cluster B personality disorders.

A

“Bad” antisocial, borderline, histrionic and narcissistic

45
Q

List the two cluster C personality disorders.

A

“Sad” avoidant and obsessive compulsive

46
Q

What medication is clearly contraindicated in anorexia and bulimia?

A

Bupropion (Wellbutrin) because it can increase risk of seizures.

47
Q

What two psychiatric issues are more common in males than females?

A

Autism and ADD, the rest are all either equal or more common in females.

48
Q

A patient’s mother has recommended that he see you. He lives on his own and is a computer programmer. He works from home. He has no friends and seldom leaves the house. She is concerned that he expresses no interest in meeting people and seems perfectly happy to be home alone all the time. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Schizoid personality disorder

49
Q

Name three SSRI’s

A

Fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, escitalopram, dapoxetine, zimelidine, mesembrine, seproxetine

50
Q

A patient expresses concern that he can’t trust anyone. That everyone is out to get him, and his problems are all the faults of others. He has held very long grudges due to perceived past wrongs. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Paranoid personality disorder

51
Q

A patient is very charming during his interview. You note during your interview that he has no concern for hurting or using other people. He seems to show no remorse for any of his actions. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Antisocial personality disorder

52
Q

Antisocial personality disorder may not be diagnosed until what age?

A

18 years old

53
Q

A patient exhibits all of the characteristics of antisocial personality disorder, but he is only 14 years old. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Conduct disorder

54
Q

A patient exhibits splitting, seeing others as all good or all bad. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Borderline personality disorder

55
Q

What type of behavioral therapy works best for borderline patients?

A

Dialectical behavior therapy

56
Q

A patient is arrogant with an inflated self image. He feels he is special and should be treated that way. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Narcissistic personality disorder

57
Q

Is obsessive compulsive disorder egosyntonic or ego-dystonic? What about obsessive compulsive personality disorder?

A

OCD is ego-dystonic. OCPD is egosyntonic.

58
Q

What two things are needed to make a diagnosis of bipolar 2?

A

One major depressive episode and one hypomanic episode

59
Q

What medication is a good place to start treating bipolar 1 or 2?

A

Lithium

60
Q

How is acute stress disorder different than posttraumatic stress disorder?

A

Acute stress disorder occurs within 1 month of event and resolves within about a month. PTSD begins at about 1 month after event and can last indefinitely.

61
Q

A spiral fracture should make you think of what issue?

A

Abuse, either child or elder

62
Q

During an interview a patient states “I have been anxious for as long as I can remember.” This statement should make you think of what diagnosis?

A

Generalized anxiety disorder

63
Q

Are hallucinations normal during a normal grieving period?

A

Yes, as long as they are not persistent or intrusive.

0. PANCE Review (15 decks)

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