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Anthropology, Psychology, Sociology > Psychology > Flashcards

Psychology Flashcards

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0
Q

This perspective emphasizes the study of objectively observable behaviours.

A

Behavioural Perspective

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1
Q

This perspective associates emotions and behaviours with bodily events.

A

Physiological Perspective

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2
Q

This perspective is also called ‘stimulus-response’ psychology.

A

Behavioural Perspective

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3
Q

This perspective is mistily concerned with unlocking the unconscious mind.

A

Psychodynamic Perspective

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4
Q

This perspective looks at the experience of a whole community to explain and individual’s behaviour.

A

Sociocultural Perspective

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5
Q

This perspective sees people as individuals who progress at their own pace.

A

Humanistic Perspective

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6
Q

This perspective studies memory, learning and perception.

A

Cognitive Perspective

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7
Q

Freud proposed that when we have unpleasant or unacceptable feelings we use ______ to protect our conscious minds:

A

Defence Mechanisms

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8
Q

What is NOT associated with Carl Jung?

A

Extinction

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9
Q

In Pavlov’s experiment, the dog’s food is the…

A

Unconditioned Stimulus

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10
Q

What psychologist used an experiment where a rat pressed a bad for a food pellet to demonstrate that behaviour can be promoted when rewards are applied?

A

Skinner

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11
Q

What is NOT a learning disorder?

A

Dysmorphia

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12
Q

What type of amnesia allows the brain to create and remember new memories while being unable to recall events before the development of the amnesia?

A

Retrograde

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13
Q

This therapy is most often used to help children communicate their problems and feelings…

A

Play therapy

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14
Q

Cognitive therapy is…

A

Attempts to change the negative way that people act and think

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15
Q

When something is learned but there is no opportunity to demonstrate it until much later. This is called:

A

Observational Learning

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16
Q

What best describes dyslexia?

A

Problems reading and understanding written language

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17
Q

What actions or behaviours is NOT common among people with autism?

A

Thinking and behaving flexibly/responding well to changes in daily routines

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18
Q

A teenager asks someone out on a date but is turned down. S/he explains to his/her friends that s/he didn’t really want to go out with him/her, that it was all a joke anyways. Which defence mechanism is being displayed?

A

Rationalization

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19
Q

The refusal to accept unwanted thoughts, feelings, or behaviours is called:

A

Denial

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20
Q

A psychological disorder that consists of persistent unwanted thoughts, stemming from some form of anxiety. These thoughts are followed by actions intended to relieve the anxiety.

A

Anxiety Neurosis

21
Q

What is NOT true about emotions?

A

One theory that all our ‘feelings’ stem from two main emotions: love and fear.

22
Q

Workers are most productive when they are both well paid and verbally praised by their employers.

A

Behavioural Perspective

23
Q

Violent behaviour is a consequence of tumours and chemical changes in the brain.

A

Physiological Perspective

24
Q

Teenagers call each other names because unconsciously they want to make themselves appear more sexually attractive compared to others.

A

Psychodynamic Perspective

25
Q

Men are less likely to cry in sad movies because our culture reserves emotional demonstrations for women.

A

Sociocultural Perspective

26
Q

Love is an emotion triggered by a rise in hormone levels when a particular person is present.

A

Physiological Perspective

27
Q

In order to reach self-actualization, a person must have met their basic and psychological needs.

A

Humanistic Perspective

28
Q

Difficulty in learning math skills is likely a result of problems with the connections formed in the brain from early childhood.

A

Cognitive Perspective

29
Q

A person who is distant and removed from the people in their lives may have suffered from abuse when they were a child.

A

Psychodynamic Perspective

30
Q

A person is violent because they have repressed sexual desires.

A

Psychodynamic Perspective

31
Q

A person is stressed because his/her basic needs have not been met.

A

Humanistic Perspective

32
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

Used for reasoning, emotions and voluntary movement

33
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Important for sensory centres

34
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Vision and reading centre

35
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Hearing and memory centre

36
Q

Cerebellum

A

Regulated balance, posture, movement, and muscle coordination

37
Q

Corpus Colossum

A

A bundle of nerve fibres

The way the hemispheres speak

38
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

Secretes hormones

39
Q

Pons

A

Joins the brain stem with the rest of your brain

40
Q

Medulla Oblongata

A

Controls involuntary functions such as breathing and heart beat

41
Q

Spinal Cord

A

Bundle of nerves to communicate with the rest of the body

42
Q

Compare anterograde and retrograde amnesia.

A

Both are a form of amnesia - the person can’t remember anything

43
Q

Contrast anterograde and retrograde amnesia.

A

Anterograde:
-can’t form new memories for a time after trauma

Retrograde:
-can’t remember memories from before trauma

44
Q

What is the difference between psychosis and neurosis?

A

Psychosis - psychological disorder. Symptoms often involve losing touch with the real world and acquire treatment to live a “normal” life.

Neurosis - psychological disorder. Symptoms often include experiencing high levels of anxiety or tension but are generally able to manage their daily lives

45
Q

How are defence mechanisms normal?

A

They are a way to deal with normal stresses in life

46
Q

How can defence mechanism overuse be a problem?

A

The person never deals with the problems which can cause much greater stress or problems later

47
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Bottom to Top

A

Physiological Needs – food, water, shelter, clothing

Safety Needs – security, safety

Belongingness and Love Needs – intimate relationships, friends, sense of connection

Esteem Needs – confidence, feeling of accomplishment, respect of others

Self-actualization – achieving one’s full potential, experience purpose

48
Q

Explain the five steps of the motivation cycle.

A

Need - want something
Drive - make a plan to get it
Action - follow through with your drive
Drive Subsides - you have what you wanted
Time Elapses - you spent time getting what you wanted

49
Q

Factors Affecting Perception

A

The Object of Perception
•some things in our environment attract our attention and force us to focus on them

Background and Surroundings
•our surroundings at the time of perception will affect our perceptions

The Perceiver’s Role
•each of ha beings our own personality to a given situation. Past experiences will affect our perception of the present

Anthropology, Psychology, Sociology (4 decks)

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