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UTS > Psychology > Flashcards

Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Derived from the greek word “psyche” which means soul and “logos” which means the study of.

A

Psychology

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2
Q

Scientific study of human behavior and mental processes.

A

Psychology

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3
Q

The field of social science that deals with the description, explanation, prediction, and control of behavior.

A

Psychology

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4
Q

What are the four goals of psychology?

A

Describe
Explain
Predict
Control

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5
Q

The long standing controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experiences make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors.

A

Nature-Nurture Controversy

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6
Q

The Founder of American Psychology. An american philosopher and psychologist.

A

William James (1842-1910)

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7
Q

William formulated this theory

A

Theory of the Self

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8
Q

What are the five characteristics of human thoughts?

A
  1. All human thoughts are owned by some personal self.
  2. All thoughts are constantly changing or are never static.
  3. There is a continuity of thoughts as its focus shifts from one object to another.
  4. Thoughts deal with objects that are different from and different from consciousness itself.
  5. Consciousness can focus on particular objects and not others.
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9
Q

Also called empirical ME. Can be considered as a separate object or individual that the person refers to when discussing or describing their personal experience.

A

Me self

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10
Q

What are the three components of me self?

A

Material self
Social self
Spiritual self

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11
Q

Consist of the things or objects that belong to the person or entities that belong to.

A

Material self

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12
Q

What is the core of the material self?

A

Body

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13
Q

Refers to who the person is in a particular social situation.

A

Social self

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14
Q

The most subjective and intimate part of the self. It refers to the self that is more concrete or permanent when compared to the material and social selves.

A

Spiritual self

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15
Q

It is a method that includes reflecting or looking inward to study and understand the how and why of the self.

A

Introspection (self observation)

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16
Q

It is the self that knows and recognizes who they are and what they have done as it takes into account the past presence and future selves of the individual.

A

I self

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17
Q

It comprises the totality of the person’s identity and arises from a continuous stream of human consciousness.

A

I self

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18
Q

Considered to be non substance as it is known as a pure ego or the thinking self.

A

I self

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19
Q

The product of all experiences that we had in a society which accounts for the kind of person we presently are. It also represents the overall value that a person places upon himself.

A

Global self

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20
Q

Coined by Murray Bowen

A

Differentiated self

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21
Q

An american psychiatrist that developed the family therapy and systemic therapy.

A

Murray Bowen

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22
Q

According to differentiated self, what are the two forces that affect a person?

A

Togetherness and individuality

23
Q

What happens when there are too much togetherness and individuality.

A

Too much togetherness prevents development of a person’s sense of self, while too much individuality results in distant feelings towards other people.

24
Q

He proposed the personality theory known as the Client-centered or Person-centered Theory.

A

Carl Rogers (1902-1987)

25
Q

It refers to how the person thinks about or perceives himself.

A

Self concept

26
Q

What are the two types of self concept?

A

Real self concept
Ideal self concept

27
Q

Refers to all information the person has about himself. Answers the question, “who am I?”

A

Real self concept

28
Q

The model version that the person has of himself. Answers the question, “who do I want to be?”

A

Ideal self concept

29
Q

Developed by Edward Tori Higgins in 1987

A

Self Discrepancy Theory

30
Q

Who developed Self Discrepancy Theory?

A

Edward Tori Higgins (1987)

31
Q

States that individuals compare their actual self to internalized standards or the ideal self.

A

Self Discrepancy Theory

32
Q

When the self is found to be deviating from the self guide.

A

Self Discrepancy

33
Q

Suggests that there exists in the individual different aspects of the self.

A

Multiple Selves Theory

34
Q

Integration of the different and conflicting aspects of the self.

A

Unified self

35
Q

Who formulated true and false selves?

A

Donald Woods Winnicott

36
Q

An english pediatrician and psychoanalyst.

A

Donald Woods Winnicott

37
Q

Suggests that play is significant in the development of the child.

A

Donald Woods Winnicott

38
Q

One in which the self is seen as creative and spontaneously experiencing each day of their lives.

A

True self

39
Q

A defense and the kind of mask that hides the true person for fear of the pain of rejection and failure.

A

False self

40
Q

Humans are seen as proactive and agentic which means that we have the capacity to exercise control over life.

A

The Self as Proactive and Agentic

41
Q

Who is the proponent of the Personality Theory known as The Social Cognitive Theory?

A

Albert Bandura

42
Q

Suggests that human beings are proactive, self regulating, self reflective, and self organizing.

A

The Social Cognitive Theory

43
Q

This human agency involves an active process of exploration to achieve desired consequences.

A

The Social Cognitive Theory

44
Q

Explains how human beings are affected by the interaction among environmental events, behavior, and personal factors.

A

Triadic Reciprocal Causation Paradigm

45
Q

What are the five core features of human agency?

A

Intentionality
Forethought
Self Reactiveness
Self Reflectiveness
Self Efficacy

46
Q

Refers to acts a person performs intentionally.

A

Intentionality

47
Q

Refers to the person’s anticipation of likely outcomes of their actions.

A

Forethought

48
Q

Refers to the process of motivating and regulating our own actions.

A

Self reactiveness

49
Q

Refers to examining our own functioning and thinking about evaluating our motivations.

A

Self reflectiveness

50
Q

The person’s belief that he is capable of behavior that will produce the desired positive results.

A

Self efficacy

51
Q

It can occur when a person attempts to minimize the discrepancies between what a person already accomplished and what the person still wants to achieve.

A

Self regulation

52
Q

It allows the person to set goals that are better and higher than the former.

A

Self regulation

53
Q

According to Albert Bandura, self regulation is a continuously active process in which we?

A
  1. Monitor our own behavior, the influences on our behavior, and the consequences of our behavior.
  2. Judge our behavior in relation to our personal and contextual standards.
  3. React to our own behavior.

UTS (4 decks)

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