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Health CTE > PSYCHOLOGY > Flashcards

PSYCHOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Who are the ¨fathers¨ of the science of the mind?

A
  • Sigmund Freud
  • Wilhelm Wundt
  • Ivan Pavlov
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2
Q

What is psychology?

A

the study of the mind and behavior

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3
Q

what is a psychologist

A

treats patient through psychotherapy, behavioral change, medical doctor, prescribing medication

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4
Q

clinical psychologist

A

different human performance aspects through a persons life, cultures, they use all that to promote their well-being & development

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5
Q

what is cognitive psychology

A

investigates internal mental processes

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6
Q

developmental psychology

A
  • all ages
  • overlaps w/different fields
  • studies the changes that happen in their life span because of their experiences
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7
Q

evolutionary psychology

A
  • human behavior
  • adapting
  • psychological adjustments during evolution
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8
Q

forensic psychology

A

psychology x criminal investigation x law

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9
Q

health psychology?

A

observes how behavior, biology, social illness & health

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10
Q

neuropsychology

A

structure & function of the brain through a psychological process & behaviors

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11
Q

occupational

A

organizational psychologists that help & make recommendations about people at work/training

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12
Q

social psychology

A

methods used for how social influences impact behavior

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13
Q

cognitive

A

1970s theorists believe that we take info & connect it to the ones that are already stored

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14
Q

becoming a psychologist

A

licensed practice w/a doctoral degree in field of psychology from a university, but different states have requirements

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15
Q

neuroscience (def)

A

the systemic study that studies the structure & function of the human brain & nervous system

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16
Q

neuroscience (uses)

A
  • chemistry
  • anatomy
  • biology
  • data
  • physiology
  • x-rays
  • experiments
    (uses the hard sciences to map the human brain & behavior)
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17
Q

The Libet Experiment: The Unconscious

A

the choice was already made by the brain before the person decided to
(brain before human)

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18
Q

the history of the science of the mind and behavior: psychoanalytic theory & Sigmund freud

A

Sigmund believed that mental health was as equal to physical health
(healing the mind = healed our body)

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19
Q

Who was psychoanalysis founded by

A

sigmund freud (1856 - 1930)

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20
Q

what did freud believed with psychoanalysis

A

people could be cured of psychological illness by making conscious their unconscious thoughts & motivations

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21
Q

what is the aim of psychoanalysis

A

this therapy is to release repressed emotions & experiences

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22
Q

hysteria

A

mostly said to women/diagnosed; medical psychiatric condition

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23
Q

pseudoscience

A

anything that pretends to be science but is no

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24
Q

DSM

A

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(is the handbook used by health care professionals in the United States)

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25
Q

ICD

A

The International Classification of Diseases
(is designed to promote international comparability in the collection, processing, classification, and presentation of mortality statistics)

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26
Q

defining hysteria

A

behavior exhibiting overwhelming or unmanageable fear or emotional excess

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27
Q

symptoms of hysteria

A
  • paralysis
  • fainting
  • seizures
  • chronic pain
  • blindness
  • loss of sensation
  • hallucinations
  • amnesia
  • histrionic behavior
  • extreme emotions
  • outbursts
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28
Q

diagnosis of hysteria

A

dissociative or somatic disorder

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29
Q

dissociative disorders

A

a mental process where a person disconnects from their thoughts, feelings, memories or sense of identity

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30
Q

somatic symptom disorder

A

diagnosed when a person has a significant focus on physical symptoms, such as pain, weakness or shortness of breath, to a level that results in major distress and/or problems functioning

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31
Q

what are freuds three levels of mind

A

1) conscious

2) preconscious

3) unconscious

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32
Q

what is the conscious mind

A

the thoughts and feelings that a person is aware of having at any one time

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33
Q

precociousness mind

A

unusually advanced or mature in development, especially mental development

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34
Q

unconscious mind

A

a reservoir of feelings, thoughts, urges, and memories that are outside of our conscious awareness

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35
Q

what are memories created & stored

A

the process in which the mind interprets, stores, and retrieves information

The hippocampus, located in the brain’s temporal lobe

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36
Q

the types of memories

A

1) sensory memory

2) short-term memory

3) working memory

4) long-term memory

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37
Q

psychological unconscious

A

the complex of mental activities within an individual that proceed without his awareness

38
Q

freuds main ideas

A

human behavior is influenced by unconscious memories, thoughts, and urges

39
Q

The mind has three components

A

id, ego, and superego

40
Q

repression

A

a kind of holding back or holding down

41
Q

identification

A

the act of finding out who someone is or what something is

42
Q

displacement

A

the removal of something from its usual place or position by something which then occupies that place or position

43
Q

displacement

A

the removal of something from its usual place or position by something which then occupies that place or position

44
Q

projection

A

an estimate of future possibilities based on a current trend

45
Q

what did the behaviorist believe

A

human beings are shaped entirely by their external environment

46
Q

what did the behaviorist movement

A

environmental stimuli and consequences shape behavior and that learning occurs through a process of operant conditioning.

47
Q

types of behaviorism

A

methodological behaviorism & radical behaviorism

48
Q

types of behavioral learning

A

classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning

49
Q

doctor freud vs. doctor skinner

A

Skinner disagreed with Freud’s idea that childhood plays an important role in shaping our personality

50
Q

social health

A

our ability to interact and form meaningful relationships with others

51
Q

communicable vs. non-communicable

A

often transmitted from person to person vs. not typically spread from one person to another

52
Q

different schools of psychology

A
  • Structuralism
  • functionalism
  • psychoanalysis
  • behaviorism
  • Gestalt
53
Q

hummanstic

A

focuses on each individual’s potential and stresses the importance of growth and self-actualization

54
Q

congnitive

A

the branch of psychology dedicated to studying how people think

55
Q

Dr. Beck

A

father of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) and is one of the world’s leading researchers in psychopathology

56
Q

psychopathology

A

the study of psychological and behavioral dysfunction occurring in mental illness or in social disorganization

57
Q

studying depression

A

characterized by a low mood or loss of pleasure or interest in activities for long periods of time

58
Q

Dr. Becks goal

A

to help his depressed patients identify their distorted thoughts about themselves, the world, and the future, along with their automatic thoughts, or surface-level cognitions

59
Q

CBT (what it is)

A

a type of talking therapy

60
Q

CBT (goal)

A

to replace dysfunctional constructs with more flexible and adaptive cognitions

61
Q

CBT Steps

A

efforts to change thinking patterns

62
Q

negative psychology

A

focuses on solving the problems of others

63
Q

positive psychology

A

focuses on the positive experiences of others and learning from those experiences to nurture and enrich their lives further

64
Q

Christopher Peterson

A

the scientific study of what goes right in life, from birth to death and at all stops in between

65
Q

3 maxims

A

1) Quality, to be truthful

2) Relation, to say only what is relevant to a conversation

3) Quantity, to provide as much information as required

66
Q

martin seligman & his 3 paths to happiness

A

1) Pleasure and Gratification

2) Embodiment of Strengths and Virtues

3) Meaning and Purpose.

67
Q

what is mental health?

A

well being in which the individual realizes their own abilities, cope w/ normal stresses of life, work productively, able to make a contribution to their community

68
Q

what is mental illness?

A

a wide range of mental health conditions - disorders that affect your mood, thinking a behavior

69
Q

what is linguistic relativity?

A

language shapes thought

70
Q

who created the sapin ~ whorf hypothesis?

A

Edward Sapir & Benjamin Lee Whorf

71
Q

what does the sapin ~ whorf hypothesis state?

A

the structure of a language determines or greatly influences the modes of thought & behavior characteristic of the culture in which it is spoken

72
Q

What are risk factors?

A

any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury

73
Q

what are some adverse childhood experiences?

A
  • growing up in addiction
  • poverty
  • close family passing away
74
Q

protective factors…?

A

characteristics associated with a lower likelihood of negative outcomes or that reduce a risk factor’s impact

75
Q

what influences our understandings of “normal”?

A
  • cultures
  • news & media
  • personal experiences
  • values & prejudices & medicine/science
76
Q

diagnosis vs. labels

A

diagnosis is an approximation of understanding, which does not, in our current state of knowledge, fully describe the genetic, physiological, biochemical, environmental, and behavioral contributors to a disorder.

A label does not define a complex human being

77
Q

def. of the 4D’s?

A

could be a valuable tool when assisting traits = mental illness/conditions

78
Q

the 4D’s in order?

A

1) Deviance

2) Distress

3) Dysfunction

4) Danger

79
Q

what is Deviance?

A

behaviors/thoughts that are different than society’s idea about proper

80
Q

what is Distress?

A

behavior or emotion cause someone to feel uncomfy/emotionally hurt

81
Q

what is Dysfunction?

A

behaviors interfere w/daily functioning (school/having healthy relationships)

82
Q

what is danger?

A

behavior causing harm to individual or others

83
Q

types of mental illness:

A
  • anxiety
  • mood disorders
  • personality disorders
  • psychotic disorders
  • substance abuse disorders
  • eating disorders
  • trauma related disorders
84
Q

what is health psychology?

A

is the application of psychology theory & neuroscience to health, illness & healthcare

85
Q

what is health psychology often referred?

A

behavioral medicine or medical psychology

86
Q

what are the two sub-fields of health psychology included?

A
  • behavioral health focuses on prevention of health problems & illness
  • behavioral medicine focuses on treatment
87
Q

what are the goals of health?

A

understanding behavioral & social factors for physical & mental illness

88
Q

what does the biopsychophysiology model view health behaviors & illness as products of what?

A

1) biological characteristics (such as genes)

2) behavioral factors (lifestyles, stress, health beliefs)

3) social conditions (cultural influences, family relationships, social support)

89
Q

(biopsychophysiology model) getting them on medication…

A

looking more at biology

90
Q

(biopsychophysiology model) getting them out of homelessness…

A

looking more at social

91
Q

(biopsychophysiology model) mental well-being…

A

looking more at psychology

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