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psychology Flashcards

1
Q

what is cte

A

cte is a fatal and progressive disease that causes the loss of neurons

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2
Q

Hypothesis

A

it is hypothesised that ( population) who (iv) will (direction prediction) as compared to those who ( are not exposed to the iv)

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3
Q

independent variable

A

that is manipulated or varied to test its effect on the dv

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4
Q

dependent variable

A

a variable that is used to measure the effect of the iv

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5
Q

confounding variable

A

influences both dependent and independent variable in a confounder

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6
Q

situational variables

A

the specific combinations of psychological and contextual factors that exist

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7
Q

psychological development

A

humans grow, change, and adapt across their lives

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8
Q

hereditary factors
(nature)

A

factors that influence development and are genetically passed down from biological parents to offsprings

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9
Q

environmental factors
(nurture)

A

factors that influence development and arise from an individual physical and social surroundings

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10
Q

genetic predisposition

A

a tendancy for certain traits to be inherited, including psychological and mental conditions

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11
Q

biopsyhcosocial model

A

a hollistic framework for understanding the human experience in. terms of influence of the bio, soc, psych factors

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12
Q

plasticity

A

the brains ability to physically change shape in response to experience and learning

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13
Q

critical period

A

the narrow development period which a specific function or skill to be learnt

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14
Q

sensitive period

A

the optimal development period for specific function or skill to be learnt the easiest or fast way

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15
Q

brocas area

A

the responsible for the production of speech. it coordinates the muscle movements required for the produce fluent speech

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16
Q

wernickes area

A

is responsible for the comprehension of speech. understanding the spoken language

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17
Q

cerebum

A

largest part of the brain responsible for thoughts. things u can actively think about or do

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18
Q

medulla

A

the connection between brainstem and spinal cord

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19
Q

pons

A

unconcious processes and jobs such as sleep wake cycle and breathing

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20
Q

reticular
(brain stem)

A

subserves the motor sensory, behavioural

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21
Q

thalamus

A

a paired grey matter structure of the location near the centre of the brain

22
Q

hypothalamus

A

acts like your body’s smart control coordinating centre

23
Q

hindbrain

A

a region at the back of the brain located around and including some of the brainstem

24
Q

midbrain

A

a region at the centre of the brain, between the forebrain and hindbrain. (mental processes)

25
Q

forebrain

A

top of the brain. receives and processing sensory information

26
Q

neuron

A

a nerve cell that receives and transmits neural information

27
Q

synapse

A

the region that includes the axon terminals of the synaptic neuron, the synaptic gap and dendrites of the post synaptic

28
Q

neuroplastcity

A

the ability of the brain to change in response to experiment or environmental stimulation

29
Q

adaptive plastcity

A

the brains ability to restore adequate neural functioning over time after sustaining injury

30
Q

sprouting

A

a neurons ability to develop new branches on the dendrite or axon

31
Q

rerouting

A

a neurons ability to form a new connection with another undamaged neuron

32
Q

developmental plasticity

A

changes in the brain that occur in response to ageing and maturation

33
Q

myelination

A

the formation of synapses between neurons as axon terminals and dendrites grow

34
Q

synaptogenesis

A

the formation and development of myelin around the axon of a neuron

35
Q

synaptic pruning

A

the elimination of unused synapses

36
Q

brain trauma

A

damage to the brain that is caused by an external force

37
Q

acquired brain injury

A

all types of brain injury that occurs after birth

38
Q

parkisons disease

A

a progressive disease of the nervous system by both motor and non motor symptoms

39
Q

neurodegenerative disease

A

a disease characterised by the progressive loss of the neurons in the brain

40
Q

dopamine

A

when neurontransmitters coordinate voluntary movement and the experience of pleasure and pain

41
Q

epilepsy

A

a neuronlogical disorder that is associated with abnormal electrical activity is the brain is catergorised by recurrent seizures

42
Q

seizures

A

brief episodes of uncontrolled electrical discharging of neurons

43
Q

gut brain axis

A

the bidirection connection between the gut and the brain through multiple parts of the nervous system

44
Q

Chronic encephalopathy CTE

A

The progressive and fatal disease associated with repeated head injuries and concussions

45
Q

nature vs nurture debate

A

the effect genes have on human dispositions as opposed to the influence that early environment and development might have

46
Q

emotional development

A

the contunious, lifelong development of skills that allow for feeling and expressions

47
Q

secure attachment

A

involves the need of the infant being consistently met by their primary caregivers
development outcomes:
- sense of trust
- feeling secure
feeling valued

48
Q

insecure attachment

A

involves the inconsistently neeting the infant needs by their primary caregivers or ignoring their needs
development outcomes:
- craving or rejecting affection
- increased anxiety
- inability to express emotions

49
Q

cognitive development

A

the continious, lifelong development of the ability to think, comprehend and organise information

50
Q

parkisons disease

A

symptoms:
Parkinson’s often starts with a tremor in one hand. Other symptoms are slow movement, stiffness and loss of balance.
relevant brain area:
nerve cells in the basal ganglia
treatments:
medication to increase dopamine

cards (6 decks)

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