biology media analysis sac

Question 1

osmoregulation in relation to glucose regulation

Answer 1

diabetics have higher sugar l concentration, so there is more sugar than water in their blood.
They can also get kidney issues where glucose filters through the nephron thus leading to urination to regulate water levels

Question 2

negative feedback loop

Answer 2

aims to counter or oppose the original stimulus to bring back body to a normal range from an extreme state

Question 3

homeostasis

Answer 3

the relatively stable internal environment despite changes to the external environment.

Question 4

islets of langerhans

Answer 4

produce endocrine cells
insulin: beta cells
glucagon: alpha cells

Question 5

when BGL are high

Answer 5

more insulin and less glucagon is produced.
this is done when you eat a big meal, pancreas produces is a hormone called insulin that goes into the bloodstream to decrease the BGL

Question 6

When BGL are low

Answer 6

more glucose and and less insulin is produced. When you exercise, your reducing more glucose which means your liver secretes glucose that binds with muscles cells and then goes to into the bloodstream to increase the BGL

Question 7

article 1 ethical concepts :

Answer 7

integrity: as the effect lasts only two days, the scientists are being honest eith the time needed to make a better improvement ot the experiment
non maleficence: potential harm could be harmed to the mice since they are experiencing surgery

Question 8

concanavalin a protein

Answer 8

activates T cells and natural killer cells and triggers anticancer immune responses

Question 9

Article 2 “ exercise can lower your blood sugar levels even up to a day later, especially if the activity is new to you” Explain why this is

Answer 9

Exercise helps your cells become more sensitive to insulin. When your cells are more responsive to insulin, they can take up glucose from the bloodstream more efficiently, which can lead to a temporary decrease in blood glucose levels.

Question 10

diabetics with urination

Answer 10

When blood glucose levels are consistently high, such as in uncontrolled diabetes, the kidneys work harder to filter excess glucose from the blood and excrete it in the urine. This excessive urination, known as polyuria, can lead to the loss of fluids from the body, causing dehydration.

Question 11

Ketoacidosis

Answer 11

ketoacidosis occurs when there is a rise on blood levels. In the absence of insulin, glucose cannot enter the cells to be used for energy. This causes blood glucose levels to rise significantly, leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).o compensate for the lack of glucose in cells, the body starts breaking down fat for energy. This process results in the production of ketones as a byproduct. Ketones are acidic substances.