Psychology

Question 1

biomedical approach def

Answer 1

• Past two centuries
• Focused on biological aspects of disease
• Health: the freedom from disease, pain and defects
• The normal human condition is healthy

Question 2

biopsychosocial approach def

Answer 2

emphasizes the importance of on ecological relationship between an individual and its environment, and how the individual perceives that environment
- Lifestyle medicine: inclusion of evidence-based lifestyle approaches (diet, exercise, sleep, stress, alcohol, tobacco)
- This can help as a prevention, treatment and reversion of lifestyle related chronic diseases

Question 3

health psychology def

Answer 3

Concerned with psychological and behavioral processes in health, illness and healthcare
- Change of health-related behavior is seen as the key aim to help reduce the burden of chronic diseases

Question 4

holistic view def

Answer 4

parts of something are interconnected and can be explained only by reference to the whole

Question 5

central concepts of health psychology

Answer 5

• mental health
• stress
• physical activity

Question 6

mental health def

Answer 6

A state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his or her community

Question 7

mental health interventions

Answer 7

• mindfulness
• yoga
• relaxation techniques

Question 8

stress def

Answer 8

Direct and measurable effect on physiological system through allostatic load (i.e., overall stress-induced physiological wear-and-tear): e.g., neuroendocrine system, immune and inflammatory system, metabolic system, cardiovascular and respiratory system, nervous system
- Can be measured with self-report or by biological measures (cortisol)

Question 9

positive demographic/biological determinants of pa

Answer 9

• gender (male)
• education
• socio-economic status/ income
• genetic factors

Question 10

negative demographic/biological determinants of pa

Answer 10

• age
• employee status

Question 11

positive psychological, cognitive and emotional determinants of pa

Answer 11

• self-efficacy
• anticipated benefit
• perceived health
• intention to be physically active
• self motivation
• enjoyment of exercise
• sport and exercise related self-schema

Question 12

negative psychological, cognitive and emotional determinants of pa

Answer 12

• barriers
• mood disturbance

Question 13

positive social and cultural determinants of pa

Answer 13

• social support form friends
• social support from family
• influence of the doctor