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Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

What is a personality disorder?

A

persistent disorders characterized by a relatively inflexible reaction to stress

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2
Q

What is antisocial behavior?

A

psycho/sociapath that acts out conflict without remorse or guilt and has difficultly following rules

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3
Q

What is compulsive behavior?

A

descriptive of thoughts or behavior which are automatic responses to anxiety or stress, obsessive. Ex: compulsive hand washing caused by an obsession with cleanliness or a phobia of being unclean

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4
Q

What is hysterical behavior?

A

histrionic-attention seeking, aggressive, seductive person who is unable to be deepy involved emotionally

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5
Q

What is Narcissism?

A

attention seeking, regards no one else as important, strong admiration for self/exhibitist

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6
Q

What is Paranoid behavior?

A

preoccupations with delusions
sensitive, defensive, suspicion leading to aggression, unfounded beliefs that others want to harm him

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7
Q

What is passive aggressive behavior?

A

taking aggressive actions in an indirect manner, argumentative

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8
Q

What is Schizoid Behavior?

A

ungluing of “reason” and emotion
introverted and withdrawn, emotionally cold and distant, avoids social interaction
delusions and hallucination

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9
Q

What is defense mechanisms?

A

Unconscious strategies utilized to cope with reality

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10
Q

What is denial?

A

refusal to perceive unpleasant realities
painful subject stems from external sources such as impulses or fantasies
most common seem in alcoholics

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11
Q

What is projection?

A

act of assigning a feeling or belief to another person, group or in the outside world

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12
Q

What is rationalization?

A

attributing one’s own unacceptable desires and impulses to someone else

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13
Q

What is reaction formation?

A

depressed, unacceptable behavior expressed in an exaggerated form of an opposite behavior

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14
Q

What is regression?

A

a response to stress in which an individual reverts to a less developmentally mature stage

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15
Q

What is repression?

A

the unconscious exclusion of painful impulses, desire or fears from the conscious mind

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16
Q

What is transference?

A

redirecting ones feelings (aggression or affection) from one person to another

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17
Q

What is sublimation?

A

channeling unacceptable impulses or energy into socially acceptable activity

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18
Q

How do anxiety disorders present?

A

present with physical symptoms (heart palpitations, increased heart rate, shortness of breath, sweating, tingling, dizziness)

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19
Q

What is anxiety?

A

a state of intense apprehension or worry often accompanied by physical symptoms such as shaking, intense feelings in the gut. ex: common in mental illness or after a very distressing experience

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20
Q

What is a panic disorder?

A

repeated attacks of severe anxiety

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21
Q

What is obsessive behavior?

A

reoccuring, intrusive thought or image that seems senseless or unpleasant

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22
Q

What is compulsion?

A

activity designed to reduce anxiety that a person feels compelled to repeat with no conscious desire to do so

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23
Q

When does OCD begin?

A

perfectionist, inflexible, uncontrollably entangled with details and highly repetitive activities
most often begins in early adolescence but can begin in childhood

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24
Q

What is phobic behavior?

A

an irrational or unrealistic fear of a situation, animal, person or activity

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25
Agoraphobia
fear of public spaces
26
Acrophobia
fear of heights
27
Astrophobia
fear of thunder and lightning
28
Astraphobia
fear of stars or celestial space
29
What are somatoform disorders?
psychological conflicts take on a physical form and no organic evidence exists to explain
30
What is somatization disorder?
chronic, cyclic multiple somatic complaints not due to a physical illness. Symptoms cannot be explained by physical syndrome. Patient seeks treatment and changes life as a result of the symptoms. Patient presents with symptoms in a vague and exaggerated way. More concerned with discomfort than disease
31
What is hypochondriasis?
an exaggerated pre-occupation with bodily functions and fear that one is suffering from serious disease. patient believes they have a disease or one is soon going to occur. Disease is thought to be imminent. Patient presents with having diagnosed himself, in a very detailed way, hoping for a dreaded diagnosis.
32
What is conversion hysteria?
conversion reaction - loss or change of physical function caused by a psychological conflict. Conversion symptoms are not supported by medical evidence but not faked. Often appear rapidly after trauma. Involuntary response. Most common disability seen" paralysis, blindness, mutism, deafness, seizures
33
What is body dysmorphic disorder?
pervasive belief that a body part is misshapen or malformed. patient able to admit that he/she is exaggerating. may avoid mirrors or social contact
34
What is affective disorder?
severe fluctuation of mood or personality
35
What is alcoholism associated with?
delirium tremors and folate deficiency
36
What is Anorexia Nervosa?
Severe restriction of calories; fear of fat and body image distortions, amenorrhea, excessive exercise
37
What is Bipolar Affective Disorder?
manic depressive- behavior alternates between mania and melancholia: highs and lows
38
What is the Age of onset for Bipolar?
childhood to 50 years of age
39
What is the duration of Bipolar?
average manic episode lasts 3 months, depressive phase 6-9 month
40
What is Bulimia Nervosa
preoccupation with food, binge eating with subsequent purging, body image distortion
41
What is Catatonia?
muscle inhibition
42
What is Dysthymic disorder?
mild chronic depression. symptoms need to occur most of the time for 2 years. Same symptoms as depression but not as severe
43
Age of onset of dysthymic disorder?
adolescence and early childhood
44
What are hallucinations?
perception problem
45
What is involutional melancholia?
a period of depression associated wtih menopause
46
What is Schizophrenia
delusions, hallucinations, social
47
What is trasvestite?
a person who adopts the dress of the opposite sex, cross desser
48
What is aversion?
therapy use to treat alcoholics by associating drinking with unpleasant consequences
49
What is classical conditioning?
two events that occur close together in time become fused in the persons mind(Pavlov dogs)
50
What is operant conditioning?
a satisfying reinforcement that strengthens the behavior. Unsatisfying consequences weaken behavior and make it less likely to be repeated.
51
What is negative reinforcement?
taking away the aversive stimulus in response to a person's action increased the action(ex picking up a crying baby encouarges the baby to cry more)
52
What is flooding therapy?
a form of desensitization for the treatment of phobias and related disorders in which the patient is repeatedly exposed to emotionally distressing stimuli of high intensity
53
What is modeling therapy?
a behavior modification technique in which one is taught to imitate the desired behavior of another
54
What is Rorschach test?
psychological testing using a series of inkblot images
55
What is Wechsler Scale?
A method of IQ testing
56
What did Freud contribute to the field of psychology
development of free association and dream analysis as a route to the unconscious mind. Developed the psychosexual stages of development going from oral to anal to phallic
57
Id
basic instincts
58
Ego
Reality and control
59
Superego
guilt and consciousness
60
What did Jung contribute to the field of psychology?
the collective unconscious of man, used for psychoanalysis
61
What did Maslow contribute to the field of psychology?
Hierarchy of human needs, physiology, safely, love, esteem, and self actualization
62
What did Pavlov contribute to the field of psychology?
Operant conditioning

ACS (3 decks)

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