Psychologists Vocab Flashcards
Mary Whiton Calkins
studied memory, became the first female president of the American Psychological Association
Charles Darwin
started evolutionary psychology with his book: On the Origin of Species
ex: may the fittest survive
Dorothea Dix
helped found or expand hospitals for the treatment of the mentally ill
Sigmund Freud
psycho-dynamic view and his ideas about unconscious behavior revolutionized psychology
G. Stanley Hall
helped organize psychology and focused on scientific approaches, helped create the bio-genetic psychology of adolescence
William James
led the functionalist movement
Ivan Pavlov
contributed to the behavioral school of psychology (BEHAVIORISM)
ex: one experiment included ringing a bell for dogs
Jean Piaget
studied children’s cognitive (brain) development
ex:studied horribly on his kids
Carl Rogers
key in development of humanistic perspective
ex:free will, tied with determinism
B.F Skinner
created theory of behaviorism which emphasizes reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior, proving people learn through consequence of their actions
Margaret Floy Washburn
first women to get doctorate in psychology, did important work on animal behavior
John B. Watson
played an important role in developing behaviorism
Wilhelm Wundt
helped formally establish psychology as a discipline, helped create structuralism and which studies perception, thinking, emotions, etc
Charles Spearman
proposes intelligence has 2 components: general intelligence (g) and specific ability (s)
Howard Gardner
created the theory of multiple intelligence
Robert Sternberg
states there are 3 intelligence aspects: creative, analytical, and practical intelligence
Alfred Binet
invented the first practical intelligence test: the Stanford-Binet test
Francis Galton
originator of eugenics and studied human intelligence
Lewis Terman
revised Stanford-Binet intelligence test and helped longitudinal study of children with high IQs called Genetic Study of Genius
David Wechsler
developed intelligence scales like Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) to study intelligence
