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Psychology - IN FOCUS Schizophrenia > Psychological therapy for schizophrenia > Flashcards

Psychological therapy for schizophrenia Flashcards

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1
Q

Who does family therapy for schizophrenia take place with?

A

Families as well as the identified patient

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2
Q

Identified patient

A

A term used in family therapy which describes one member of a dysfunctional family who expresses the family conflicts

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3
Q

What does family therapy aim to do?

A

Improve the quality of communication and interaction between family members

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4
Q

True/False: There is a range of approaches in family therapy for schizophrenia

A

True

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5
Q

There is a range of approaches in family therapy for schizophrenia, in keeping with psychological theories like…

A

the double-bind and schizophrenogenic mother

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6
Q

Pharoah et al. (2010) identified a range of strategies that family therapists use to do what?

A

Improve the functioning of a family that has a member with schizophrenia

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7
Q

Family therapy aims to reduce levels of ________/_________ emotion

A

negative/expressed

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8
Q

True/False: Family therapy aims to reduce the level of emotion generally

A

True

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9
Q

Family therapy aims to reduce the level of emotion generally but especially which emotions?

A

Negative emotions such as anger and guilt

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10
Q

Why is reducing stress important in family therapy for schizophrenia?

A

Important to reduce the likelihood of relapse

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11
Q

Which emotions create stress in someone with schizophrenia?

A

Anger and guilt

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12
Q

During family therapy for schizophrenia, what does the therapist encourage that family members form?

A

A therapeutic alliance

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13
Q

During family therapy for schizophrenia the therapist encourages family members to form a therapeutic alliance so family members what?

A

Agree on the aims and therapy

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14
Q

Family therapy tries to improve the families’ beliefs about the _________ towards schizophrenia

A

behaviour

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15
Q

An aim of family therapy is to ensure that family members can achieve what between caring for the individual with schizophrenia and managing their own lives?

A

A balance

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16
Q

An aim of family therapy is to ensure that family members can achieve a balance between what?

A

Caring for the individual with schizophrenia and managing their own lives

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17
Q

What did Burbach (2018) propose?

A

A model for working with families dealing with schizophrenia

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18
Q

Burbach (2018)’s model begins with what?

A

Sharing basic information and providing emotional and practical support

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19
Q

How many phases are there in Burbach (2018)’s model for family therapy?

A

7

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20
Q

What does phase 2 of Burbach (2018)’s model for family therapy involve?

A

Identifying resources including what different family members can and cannot offer

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21
Q

What does phase 3 of Burbach (2018)’s model for family therapy aim to do?

A

Encourage mutual understanding, creating a safe space for all family members to express their feelings

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22
Q

What does phase 4 of Burbach (2018)’s model for family therapy involve?

A

Identifying unhelpful patterns of interaction

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23
Q

What is phase 5 of Burbach (2018)’s model for family therapy about?

A

Skills training such as learning stress management techniques

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24
Q

What does phase 6 of Burbach (2018)’s model for family therapy look at?

A

Relapse prevention planning

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25
Q

What is phase 7 of Burbach (2018)’s model for family therapy?

A

Maintenance for the future

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26
Q

True/False: There is evidence of the effectiveness of family therapy for schizophrenia

A

True

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27
Q

What did McFarlane’s 2016 review of studies condlude?

A

That family therapy was one of the most consistently effective treatments available for schizophrenia

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28
Q

McFarlane found in particular that _______ rates were reduced after family therapy

A

relapse

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29
Q

McFarlane found that family therapy for schizophrenia reduced relapse rates typically by __-__%

A

50-60

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30
Q

McFarlane (2016) concluded what about family therapy?

A

Using it as mental health initially starts to decline is particularly promising

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31
Q

What does clinical advice from NICE recommend for everyone with a diagnosis of schizophrenia?

A

Family therapy

32
Q

McFarlane (2016)’s findings mean that family therapy is likely to be of benefit to people with what?

A

Both early and ‘full-blown’ schizophrenia

33
Q

True/False: Family therapy for schizophrenia is just for the benefit of the identified patient

A

False, it is also for the families that provide the bulk of care

34
Q

Who benefits from family therapy for schizophrenia?

A

All family members

35
Q

What did Lobban and Barrowclough conclude about the benefits of family therapy for schizophrenia being for all family members?

A

These effects are important because families provide the bulk of care for people with schizophrenia - by strengthening the functioning of a whole family, family therapy lessens the negative impact of schizophrenia on other family members

36
Q

Lobban and Barrowclough said that by strengthening the functioning of a whole family, family therapy lessens the impact of what?

A

Schizophrenia on other family members

37
Q

Who provides the bulk of care for people with schizophrenia?

A

Families

38
Q

Family therapy strengthens the ability of the family to do what for the person with schizophrenia?

A

Support them

39
Q

True/False: Family therapy for schizophrenia has wider benefits beyond the obvious positive impact on the identified patient

A

True

40
Q

How does family therapy for schizophrenia have huge economic benefits?

A

It reduces relapse rates and makes families better able to provide the bulk of care - the state doesn’t need to pay as much

41
Q

Family therapy has very significant ___________ benefits for people with schizophrenia and their families

A

therapeutic

42
Q

CBT to treat schizophrenia usually takes place over a period of _-__ sessions

A

5-20

43
Q

CBT for schizophrenia takes longer/less than other conditions

A

longer

44
Q

True/False: CBT for schizophrenia can be done in groups

A

True

45
Q

What does CBT aim to deal with?

A

Both thoughts (cognitions) and behaviour

46
Q

CBT can help a client make sense of how their __________ __________ impact their feelings and behaviour

A

irrational cognitions

47
Q

CBT can help a client make sense of how irrational cognitions impact their what?

A

feelings and behaviour

48
Q

Give an example of irrational cognitions

A

Any from delusions and hallucinations

49
Q

Understanding where symptoms of schizophrenia come from can be hugely helpful for those with symptoms such as a_______ ______________

A

auditory hallucinations

50
Q

If a client hears voices and believes the voices represent demonic forces, they will naturally be very what?

A

Afraid

51
Q

If a therapist can convince someone with schizophrenia that the their auditory hallucinations actually come from…, this is much less frightening and hence less debilitating

A

the malfunctioning speech centre in their own brain and it cannot hurt them if they ignore it

52
Q

If a therapist can convince someone with schizophrenia that the their auditory hallucinations actually come from the malfunctioning speech centre in their own brain and it cannot hurt them if they ignore it, what impact will this have?

A

This is much less frightening and hence debilitating

53
Q

True/False: CBT eliminates symptoms of schizophrenia

A

False, it doesn’t eliminate them but can make people better able to cope with them

54
Q

The fact that CBT makes people better able to cope with schizophrenia in turn reduces what and improves what?

A

Reduces their distress, improves their ability to function adequately

55
Q

Teaching people with schizophrenia that voice-hearing is an extension of the ordinary experience of thinking in words is an example of what?

A

Normalisation

56
Q

How can delusions be challenged?

A

A process of reality testing

57
Q

When delusions are challenged through a process of reality testing, the person with schizophrenia and their therapist jointly…

A

examine the likelihood that beliefs are true

58
Q

True/False: In some cases where delusions are resistant to reality testing CBT can still be used to tackle the anxiety and depression that result from living with schizophrenia

A

True

59
Q

Turkington et al. (2004) describes an example of CBT used to challenge which ideas?

A

Where a paranoid client’s delusions come from

60
Q

Jauhar et al. (2014) reviewed __ studies of using CBT with schizophrenia, concluding that there is clear evidence for small but significant effects

A

34

61
Q

Jauhar et al. (2014) reviewed 34 studies of using CBT with schizophrenia and concluded what?

A

That there is clear evidence for small significant effects

62
Q

Jauhar et al. (2014) concluded that there is clear evidence for small but significant effects of CBT on which symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

Positive and negative symptoms

63
Q

What did Pontillo et al.’s schizophrenia study into CBT find?

A

Reductions in frequency and severity of auditory hallucinations

64
Q

Pontillo et al. (2016) found reductions in the frequency and severity of what as a result of CBT?

A

Auditory hallucinations

65
Q

What does NICE stand for?

A

The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence

66
Q

Clinical advice from NICE (2019) recommends what for schizophrenia?

A

CBT

67
Q

The fact that clinical advice from NICE recommends CBT for schizophrenia means that…

A

clinical experience supports the benefits of CBT for schizophrenia

68
Q

One limitation of CBT for schizophrenia is the wide range of what included in studies?

A

Techniques and sympto-ms

69
Q

True/False: CBT techniques and schizophrenia symptoms vary widely from one case to another

A

True

70
Q

What did Thomas (2015) point out about different studies into CBT for schizophrenia?

A

Different studies have involved the use of different CBT techniques and people with different combinations of positive and negative symptoms

71
Q

Thomas (2015) points out that different studies have involved the use of what and who?

A

Different CBT techniques, people with different combinations of positive and negative symptoms

72
Q

The overall modest benefits of CBT for schizophrenia probably conceal a wide variety of what?

A

Effects of different CBT techniques on different symptoms

73
Q

The fact that the overall modest benefits of CBT for schizophrenia probably conceals a wide variety of effects of different CBT techniques on different symptoms makes it hard to say how effective CBT will be for what?

A

A particular person with schizophrenia

74
Q

Although CBT may improve the quality of life for people with schizophrenia, it does not actually do what?

A

‘cure’ them

75
Q

True/False: Schizophrenia appears to be largely biological

A

True

76
Q

We would expect that psychological therapy like CBT just benefits people by improving their ability to live with schizophrenia, however…

A

studies report significant reductions in the severity of both positive and negative symptoms

77
Q

The fact that studies report that CBT leads to significant reductions in the severity of both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia suggests that CBT does what?

A

More than enhance coping

Psychology - IN FOCUS Schizophrenia (7 decks)

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