PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE SELF Flashcards
Came from Greek words “psyche” and “logos”, which literally means “soul” and “mind study”
Scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
As a science, it is concerned with how we develop our sense of self over the course of its development
PSYCHOLOGY
American Psychologist
The Self as a Duality
james distinguished between two aspects of the seit: the “I” and the “Me”. This duality is central to his understanding of the self
The “I”: This refers to the subjective, experiential aspect of the self -the “self” that experiences, thinks, and fees it is the sef as the knower or the self that is aware. The “I” is more elusive and harder to define because it is not an object of direct introspection but rather the subject of experience.
The “Me”: This represents the self as an object of reflection and awareness. It includes everything that one can consider as part of oneself, such as personal attributes, roles, and social dentity. The “Me” is divided into three components the material self, the social self and the spiritual self
WILLIAM JAMES
WILLIAM JAMES
The Self as a Duality
•Material Self
•Social Self
•Spiritual Self
This includes the body, possessions, and the tangible aspects of one’s identity.
Material Self
This encompasses the self that is perceived through interactions with others and the roles one plays in social contexts.
Social Self
This involves one’s inner self, including personal beliefs, values, and the sense of one’s inner life.
Spiritual Self
He saw the self as something that is not only a psychological construct but also a functional, practical entity that adapts to and interacts with the environment. The self is not a fixed entity but something that is defined and redefined through experiences and interactions.
He believed that individuals have the power to make choices and exert control over their actions, which in turn affects their self- concept and identity.
WILLIAM JAMES
American Psychologist
He delines the self as a flexibile and changing perception of personal Identity. The self is the center of experience
He suggests that the self develops from interactions with significant people and awareness of one’s own characteristics and level of functioning. According to Rogers, human beings are always striving for self fulfillment of self actualization. When the needs of the self are denled, severe anxiety may arise.
CARL ROGERS
Rogers suggests two components of self-concept
the real self and the ideal self.
refers to the image of oneself
how you perceve your behavior, abilities and unique characteristics
Self Concept
Thin refers to a person’s actual, authentic self-the real seif as it exists in the present moment, it’s the set that reflects a person’s genuine feelings, thoughts, and expenences. According to Rogers, the true self is often clouded or distorted by external influences and internal conflicts. In a healthy psychologica state, the true selfs aligned with one’s genuine emotions and experiences.
True Self
represents the person’s aspirations, goals, and the kind of person they wish to be it encompasses the traits and characteristics that an individual believes are desirable or necessary for a fulfilling life. The idea self is often shaped by societal expectations. personal values, and aspirations.
Ideal Self
to describe a sense of self based on spontaneous authentic experience and a feeling of being alive, having a real self.
TRUE SELF
Is to hide and protect the true self
FALSE SELF
American Psychologist
Abraham Maslow’s perspective on the self is central to his broader theory of human motivation, particularly through his concept of self-actualization.
ABRAHAM MASLOW
