Anthropological Perspective Of The Self

Question 1

The word “____________” comes from the Greek anthropos (“human”) and logia (study”)

The study of human societies and cultures and their development.

It is concerned with how cultural and biological processes interact to shape human experience.

____________ is the study of people and cultures in the past and today How did people live a few decades ago, or thousands of years ago? And how have societies and cultures changed over time?

Answer 1

Anthropology

Question 2

Anthropology has four main branches.

Answer 2

CULTURAL,
LINGUISTIC,
ARCHEOLOGY,
BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 3

It is the study of how people live- in the present and the recent past

Answer 3

CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 4

It is the study of language within the context of anthropology

Answer 4

LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 5

It is the study of past people through the things they left behind.

Answer 5

ARCHEOLOGY

Question 6

It is the study of how humans have evolved and differences within the species.

Answer 6

BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 7

refers to all understanding and knowledge of oneself. The components of self-________ include psychological, physical and social attitudes, ideas and beliefs that one has. The most influence in terms of self-concept is family’s history, basically referring to the culture one has been brought up in, and the experiences he or she has undergone.

Answer 7

Self as Embedded in Culture

Self-concept

Question 8

Shared by a group of people in the same area, or by bigger groups across different areas

It is the set of unwritten norms of conduct that
guide the behavior of a group It is a system of learned and shared beliefs, language, norma, values, and symbols that groups use to identify themselves and provide a framework within which to Iive and work.

Answer 8

CULTURE

Question 9

English anthropologist

He defined the culture that it is a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man

Answer 9

Edward Tylor

Question 10

describe two interrelated aspects of human culture the physical objects of the culture and the ideas associated with these objects.

Answer 10

Sociologists

Question 11

refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture. These include homes, neighborhoods, cites, schools, churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production, goods and products, stores, and so forth. All of these physical aspects of a culture help to define its members behaviors and perceptions.

Answer 11

Material culture

Question 12

refers to the nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture including beliefs, values rules, norms, morals, language, organizations and Institutions. For instance, the non-material cultural concept of religion consists of a set of ideas and beliefs about God, worship, monals, and ethics. These beliefs, then, determine how the culture responds to its religious topics, issues, and events

Answer 12

Non-material culture

Question 13

When considering non-material culture, sociologists refer to several processes that a culture uses to shape its members thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Four of the most important of these are:

Answer 13

symbols, language, values, and norms.

Question 14

Two Anthropological Perspectives of the Self

Answer 14

•Egocentric
•Socio-centric

Question 15

a concept of the self where the self is seen as an autonomous and distinct individual; self-centered.

Answer 15

Egocentric

Question 16

according to this view, there is no intrinsic self that can possess enduring qualities: socially oriented.

Answer 16

Socio-centric

Question 17

French ethnographer and folklorist Three-Phased Rite of Passage

Answer 17

Arnold Van Gennep

Question 18

Three-Phased Rite of Passage

Answer 18

Separation Phase
Liminality Phase
Incorporation Phase

Question 19

in this phase, people detach from their former identity to another

Answer 19

Separation Phase

Question 20

in this phase, a person transitions from one identity to another

Answer 20

Liminality Phase

Question 21

in this phase, the change in one’s status is officially Incorporated

Answer 21

Incorporation Phase

Question 22

• Coined the term “identity struggles”.

Answer 22

Anthony Wallace & Raymond Fogelson

Question 23

a term coined by Wallace and Fogelson to characterize interaction in which there is a discrepancy between the identity a person claims to possess and the identity attributed to that person by other.

Answer 23

• Identity Struggles

Question 24

Formulated the “Illusion of Wholeness”

Answer 24

Katherine Ewing

Question 25

implies that the cohesiveness and continuity of self are only illusory.

People construct a series of self-representations that are based on selected cultural concepts of a person and selected ‘chains of personal memories. Each self-concept is experienced as a whole and continuous with its own history and memories that emerge in a specific context to be replaced by another self-representation when the context changes

Answer 25

• Illusion of Wholeness

Question 26

exists when groups of people assign different meanings to different life events and things.

Answer 26

Cultural Differences

Question 27

people construct their self-identity from the similarities and differences in characteristics among individuals.

Answer 27

Social Identity

Question 28

the most significant feature to determine a person’s social identity.

Answer 28

Family Membership

Question 29

viewed as an essential for the maintenance of group identity.

Answer 29

Language

Question 30

an important marker for group identity in a given society.

Answer 30

Religious Affiliation

Question 31

an important device to individualize a person and legitimize him or her as a member of a social group.

Answer 31

Name