psychological heath Flashcards
what precent of patients have depression
25% of in-patients in psychiatric facilities
50% of out-patient and private psychiatric practice
10% of all patients seen in non-psychiatric settings
what is primary depression
there may be no apparent cause/ reason
- has been linked to chemical changes in the brain
-can last for several months
what is secondary depression
- also known as reactive depression
-develops after a period of difficulty - can last for several weeks
what is required to clinically diagnose depression
- altered mood nearly everyday
- decreased interest or pleasure in most or all activities
- poor weight or appetite
- feelings of worthlessness
-diminished ability to concentrate - loss of energy/ fatigue
define unipolar depression
shifts from normal baseline to depressed state
usually begins to develop in the 30s and 40s
define bi polar depression
- also referred to as manic depression
- extreme swings or cycles mood
- happy happy…. down down
-usaually begins in the teens, 20s and 30s
what are some treatments for uni polar and bi polar depression
- psychotherapy
- prescription medications
-herbal remedies
-ECT- elecroconvuslive therapy
define seasonal affect disorder
depression that follows a seasonal pattern
onset= late autumn
winter and sometimes spring
what are circadian rhythms
- 24hr biological clock
-regulates when our bodies need to sleep
responds to changes in season - inbalance in neurotransmitters
what are the signs and symptoms of seasonal affect disorder
similar to those of bipolar depression (up/down)
daytime fatigue and decreased concentration
recurs for at least 2 consecutive winters
when does seasonal affect disorder normally disappear by
the advent of spring
what are some treatments for seasonal affect disorder
spend more time outside during the day
re arrange living environment
installation of skylights and more lamps
light therapy
what are some reasons for post partum mood disorders
changes in hormone levels that occur during pregnancy and immediately after birth
mismatch between expectations and experiences
what are some risk factors for post partum depression
- previous depressive disorders
- 10-35% experience recurrence
- 2+ abortions
-stressful events during pre/ post pregnancy
define baby blues
occurs 1-3 days post partum
50-80% of all new mothers
weeping, irritability, lack of sleep, mood changes and feelings of vulnerability
define post partum depression
occurs any time between delivery and 6 moths post birth
3-20% of all women are affected
can last several months up to one year
what are some psychological symptoms of post partum depression
despondency
feelings of inadequacy
guilt
anxiety
irritability
what are some physical symptoms of post partum depression
fatigue
headache
numbness
chest pains
hyperventilation
what are some behavioural symptoms of post partum depression
ambivalence
negativity
disinterest
define post partum psychosis
relatively rare (1% of new mothers)
more severe
can last for months- years
what are signs and symptoms of post partum psychosis
extreme confusion
agitation
mania
fatigue
hopelessness
hallucinations
feelings of shame
what are some treatments for post partum psychosis
support networks
anti depressant
medication
psychotherapy
who commits suicide
3000 suicides a day
for every completed suicide, 20 others will attempt
when is world suicide prevention day
September 10
what are some suicide risk factors
history of serious physical or mental illness
abuse of drugs or alcohol
experiencing a major loss
experiencing major life change
what are some warning signs of suicide
repeated expression of hopelessness, helplessness or desperation
behaviour that is out of character
signs of depression
