Psychological Explanations of Schizophrenia - Family Dysfunction Flashcards
Name the 3 explanations of how family dysfunctions leads to schizophrenia
- schizophrenogenic mother (family climate)
- double binds (communication style)
- expressed emotion
name the psychologists who found patients w/ symptoms of Sz has a ‘schizophrenogenic’ mother
Fromm-Reichmann (1948)
Characteristics of a Sz mother
cold
rejecting
controlling
what is the family climate created when there is a Sz mother?
tension & secrecy
what does a Sz mother family climate lead to?
distrust
leading to symptoms of e.g.
- paranoid delusions
- other Sz symptoms
Sz
Who came up with the concept of double-binds?
Bateson (1956)
What is Bateson empahsised?
communication style in the family
What is a risk factors in Sz? (Bateson)
double bind communication
define double bind communication
when a child receives mixed messages
example of double bind communication
well done for passing the test, you actually did really well for once
describe the child’s feelings to double bind communication
fear of doing the wrong thing
unable to ask for clarification
what is the effect of a child ‘getting it wrong’? (Bateson)
punishment by with-drawl of love
name 2 associated symptoms of Sz when receiving double-bind communication
NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS
flattened affect
feel that the world is confusing & dangerous (paranoid delusions + disorganised thinking)
how does double binds result in Sz symptoms?
contradictions in communication mean that the person finds it difficulty to create a coherent construction of reality
Who is Lidz (1973)?
came up with 2 key types of double bind communication between parents which can influence a child developing Sz
name the 2 types of double bind communication between parents
marital schism
martial skew
name characteristics of martial schism communication
- emotionally distant parents
- neither mum or dad compromise
- parents in competition for child’s attention
name characteristics of martial skew communication
- One parent dominant
- Other is submissive
- Other is yielding to over-bearing dominance of the other
what does expressed emotion refer to?
the level of emotion the carer shows to the patient
name the 3 key aspects of negative expressed emotion
- Verbal criticism sometimes with violence
- Hostility toward patient including anger and rejection
- Emotional over involvement including needless self sacrifice
