Psychological and Biological treatments Flashcards
Define psychoanalysis
Freud’s Theory
unresolved conflicts during the first few years of life disrupt personality
bringing repressed feelings into conscious awareness brings healing
Free Association: saying aloud whatever comes to mind: pauses reveal points of resistance
Dream Analysis: Finding unconscious conflicts by interpreting the censored meaning of dreams
Evaluation of preferred kinds of sublimation
The method of psychoanalysis
Interpretations are highly subjective
psychoanalysis is often tremendously time-consuming
some of its basic assumptions are not supported by research
The criticisms of psychoanalysis
A psychological intervention designed to help people resolve emotional behavioral, and interpersonal problems and improve the quality of their lives
psychotherapy
person with no professional training who provided mental health services
paraprofessional
psychotherapies, including psychodynamic, humanistic, and group approaches, with the goal of expanding awareness or insight
insight therapies
technique in which clients express themselves without censorship of any sort
free association
attempts to avoid confrontation and anxiety associated with uncovering previously repressed thoughts, emotions, and impulses
resistance
projecting intense, unrealistic feelings and expectations from the past onto the therapist
transference
Treatment that strengthens social skills and targets interpersonal problems, conflicts, and life transitions
Interpersonal therapy
Therapies that emphasize the development of human potential and the belief that human nature is basically positive
humanistic therapies
therapy centering on the client’s goals and the ways of solving problems
person-centered therapy
Therapy that aims to integrate different and sometimes opposing aspects of personality into a unified sense of self
Gestalt therapy
therapy that treats more than one person at a time
group therapy
Twelve-step, self-help program that provides social support for achieving sobriety
Alcoholics anonymous
family therapy approach designed to remove barriers to effective communication
strategic family intervention
Treatment in which therapists deeply involve themselves in family activities to change how family members arrange and organize interactions
structural family therapy
Therapist who focuses on specific problem behaviors, and current variables that maintain problematic thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
behavior therapist
clients are taught to relax as they are gradually exposed to what they fear in a stepwise manner
systematic desensitization
therapy that confronts clients with what they fear with the goal of reducing the fear
exposure therapy
research procedure for examining the effectiveness of isolated components of a larger treatment
dismantling
technique in which therapists prevent clients from performing their typical avoidance behaviors
response prevention
technique in which the therapist first models a problematic situation and then guides the client through steps to cope with it unassisted
participant modeling
method in which desirable behaviors are rewarded with tokens that clients can exchange for tangible rewards
token economy
treatment that uses punishment to decrease the frequency of undesirable behaviors
aversion therapy
treatments that attempt to replace maladaptive or irrational cognitions with more adaptive, rational cognitions
cognitive-behavioral therapies
statistical method that helps researchers to interpret large bodies of psychological literature
meta-analysis
intervention for specific disorders supported by high-quality scientific evidence
Empirically supported treatment
use of medications to treat psychological problems
psychopharmacotherapy
Patients receive brief electrical pulses to the brain that produce a seizure to treat serious psychological problems
Electroconvulsive therapy
