Psychological and Biological treatments

Question 1

Define psychoanalysis

Answer 1

Freud’s Theory

unresolved conflicts during the first few years of life disrupt personality

bringing repressed feelings into conscious awareness brings healing

Question 2

Free Association: saying aloud whatever comes to mind: pauses reveal points of resistance

Dream Analysis: Finding unconscious conflicts by interpreting the censored meaning of dreams

Evaluation of preferred kinds of sublimation

Answer 2

The method of psychoanalysis

Question 3

Interpretations are highly subjective

psychoanalysis is often tremendously time-consuming
some of its basic assumptions are not supported by research

Answer 3

The criticisms of psychoanalysis

Question 4

A psychological intervention designed to help people resolve emotional behavioral, and interpersonal problems and improve the quality of their lives

Answer 4

psychotherapy

Question 5

person with no professional training who provided mental health services

Answer 5

paraprofessional

Question 6

psychotherapies, including psychodynamic, humanistic, and group approaches, with the goal of expanding awareness or insight

Answer 6

insight therapies

Question 7

technique in which clients express themselves without censorship of any sort

Answer 7

free association

Question 8

attempts to avoid confrontation and anxiety associated with uncovering previously repressed thoughts, emotions, and impulses

Answer 8

resistance

Question 9

projecting intense, unrealistic feelings and expectations from the past onto the therapist

Answer 9

transference

Question 10

Treatment that strengthens social skills and targets interpersonal problems, conflicts, and life transitions

Answer 10

Interpersonal therapy

Question 11

Therapies that emphasize the development of human potential and the belief that human nature is basically positive

Answer 11

humanistic therapies

Question 12

therapy centering on the client’s goals and the ways of solving problems

Answer 12

person-centered therapy

Question 13

Therapy that aims to integrate different and sometimes opposing aspects of personality into a unified sense of self

Answer 13

Gestalt therapy

Question 14

therapy that treats more than one person at a time

Answer 14

group therapy

Question 15

Twelve-step, self-help program that provides social support for achieving sobriety

Answer 15

Alcoholics anonymous

Question 16

family therapy approach designed to remove barriers to effective communication

Answer 16

strategic family intervention

Question 17

Treatment in which therapists deeply involve themselves in family activities to change how family members arrange and organize interactions

Answer 17

structural family therapy

Question 18

Therapist who focuses on specific problem behaviors, and current variables that maintain problematic thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Answer 18

behavior therapist

Question 19

clients are taught to relax as they are gradually exposed to what they fear in a stepwise manner

Answer 19

systematic desensitization

Question 20

therapy that confronts clients with what they fear with the goal of reducing the fear

Answer 20

exposure therapy

Question 21

research procedure for examining the effectiveness of isolated components of a larger treatment

Answer 21

dismantling

Question 22

technique in which therapists prevent clients from performing their typical avoidance behaviors

Answer 22

response prevention

Question 23

technique in which the therapist first models a problematic situation and then guides the client through steps to cope with it unassisted

Answer 23

participant modeling

Question 24

method in which desirable behaviors are rewarded with tokens that clients can exchange for tangible rewards

Answer 24

token economy

Question 25

treatment that uses punishment to decrease the frequency of undesirable behaviors

Answer 25

aversion therapy

Question 26

treatments that attempt to replace maladaptive or irrational cognitions with more adaptive, rational cognitions

Answer 26

cognitive-behavioral therapies

Question 27

statistical method that helps researchers to interpret large bodies of psychological literature

Answer 27

meta-analysis

Question 28

intervention for specific disorders supported by high-quality scientific evidence

Answer 28

Empirically supported treatment

Question 29

use of medications to treat psychological problems

Answer 29

psychopharmacotherapy

Question 30

Patients receive brief electrical pulses to the brain that produce a seizure to treat serious psychological problems

Answer 30

Electroconvulsive therapy